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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 10, 388-394, July 1969
Copyright © 1969 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Metabolism of cholesterol in the tissues and blood of the chick embryo

William E. Connor , Richard Johnston , and Don S. Lin

Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52240

Three artificially inseminated laying White Leghorn hens were given 35-50 µc of cholesterol-4-¹⁴C intravenously. Their subsequently produced eggs contained cholesterol-¹⁴C-labeled yolks. Some of the fertilized eggs were analyzed for cholesterol content and radioactivity. Other eggs were incubated until hatching. The specific activity of the cholesterol contained in the serum and tissues of newly hatched chicks was determined and compared with that of yolk sac, which was taken as representative of egg yolk cholesterol before its metabolic transfer into the chick embryo. The specific activities of cholesterol in intestine, liver, serum, heart, and skeletal muscle and the whole chick were 95-98% of that in yolk sac, but that of brain cholesterol was only 11% of this value. These results indicate that whereas most of the cholesterol in the chick originated from the egg yolk, cholesterol biosynthesis was active in the brain and provided about 90% of its cholestero content.

Newly hatched chicks were found to be hyperlipemic compared with older chicks and had fatty livers with a high cholesterol content. Desmosterol was found in 9- and 15-day old chick embryos but not in the newly hatched chicks, in which the only sterol was cholesterol.

Supplementary key words cholesterol • brain • liver • muscle • yolk sac • biosynthesis • transfer from yolk • hypercholesterolemia • fatty liver • desmosterol • artificial insemination

Submitted on September 20, 1968
Accepted on March 3, 1969

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