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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 11, 23-30, January 1970
Copyright © 1970 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Metabolism of sphingolipids by normal and atherosclerotic aorta of squirrel monkeys

Oscar W. Portman and Manfred Alexander

Department of Primate Nutrition, Oregon Regional Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon 97005, and Department of Biochemistry, University of Oregon Medical School, Portland, Oregon 97201

We studied the synthesis and hydrolysis of sphingomyelin by homogenates of aortic intima plus inner media from normal squirrel monkeys and from monkeys with nutritionally-induced atherosclerosis (6-10 mo on a semi-purified diet containing butter and cholesterol).

The concentrations of sphingomyelin in the aortas and plasmas of the atherosclerotic monkeys were higher than those for the normal monkeys. Palmitoyl-1-¹⁴C coenzyme A was actively utilized for the synthesis of ceramide (N-palmitoyl sphingosine). The addition of sphingosylphosphorylcholine increased the utilization of palmitoyl CoA in sphingomyelin synthesis, and the addition of psychosine (sphingosyl galactoside) increased the incorporation of palmitate into cerebrosides. Rates of sphingomyelin and ceramide synthesis were significantly higher in the atherosclerotic than in the control aortas. Hydrolysis of labeled sphingomyelin to ceramide was also increased in homogenates of the atherosclerotic aortas. Labeled sphingomyelin was taken up from plasma by everted carotid arteries, and this process was also enhanced by atherosclerosis.

Increased rates of synthesis and of uptake from plasma of sphingomyelin may account for the increased concentrations of sphingomyelin in the atherosclerotic arteries, even though the ability to degrade sphingomyelin is also enhanced in the atherosclerotic aorta.

Supplementary key words palmitoyl CoA • ceramide • aortic intima plus inner media • sphingosylphosphorylcholine • sphingomyelin synthesis and hydrolysis • semipurified diet • everted carotid artery

Submitted on May 5, 1969
Revised on July 10, 1969
Accepted on August 28, 1969

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