HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Goodman, D. S. Articles by Dingle, J. T. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Goodman, D. S. Articles by Dingle, J. T. Social Bookmarking                      What's this?

Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 15, 406-414, July 1974
Copyright © 1974 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Comparison of the effects of vitamin A and its analogs upon rabbit ear cartilage in organ culture and upon growth of the vitamin A-deficient rat

DeWitt S. Goodman , John Edgar Smith , Rosalind M. Hembry , and John T. Dingle

Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York 10032, and 3 Department of Tissue Physiology, Strangeways Research Laboratory, Cambridge, England

A study was conducted to explore the relationship between the effects of vitamin A upon cartilage and the biological role of vitamin A in maintaining growth and life. Retinol, retinoic acid, -retinoic acid, and RO8-7699 (a cyclopentyl analog of retinoic acid) were highly effective in promoting the lysis of the extracellular matrix of cartilage grown in organ culture in vitro. Retinoic acid and its two analogs were quantitatively more active than was retinol in bringing about lysis of matrix and release of proteoglycan into the culture medium. A bioassay was then conducted to determine the ability of each compound to promote growth of vitamin A-deficient rats. In contrast to their effects upon cartilage, retinoic acid and its two analogs were considerably less active quantitatively than retinol in promoting growth of vitamin A-deficient rats. Moreover, the three acids tested showed graded biological activity in the growth bioassay, with -retinoic acid showing reduced bioactivity (approx. one-fourth that of retinoic acid) and RO8-7699 being virtually inactive. The lysis of cartilage produced by these compounds was presumably caused by release of lysosomal enzymes as a result of the membrane-labilizing effects of the compounds. Thus, these membrane effects of the vitamin A-related compounds are poorly correlated with their biological growth-promoting activity.

The -ionone analogs of retinol and retinoic acid were able to maintain good health and growth of vitamin A-deficient rats, although their quantitative activity was low. Rats fed -retinyl acetate showed high liver stores of -retinyl esters and low levels of serum retinol-binding protein (similar to the levels seen in retinoic acid-fed rats). The biological activity of the -ionone analogs was apparently not due to contamination with or conversion to the normal ßbeta;-ionone compounds.

Supplementary key words retinol • retinoic acid • -retinoic acid • RO8-7699, a cyclopentyl analog of retinoic acid • retinol-binding protein • proteoglycan release

Submitted on January 4, 1974
Accepted on March 28, 1974

CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				J. X. Kang, Y. Li, and A. Leaf Mannose-6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor-II receptor is a receptor for retinoic acid PNAS, December 9, 1997; 94(25): 13671 - 13676. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. M. Elias and M. L. Williams Retinoids, Cancer, and the Skin Arch Dermatol, March 1, 1981; 117(3): 160 - 180. [Abstract] [PDF]