Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 23, 410-421, March 1982
Copyright © 1982 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Different kinetic fates of apolipoproteins A-I and A-II from lymph chylomicra of nonhuman primates. Effect of saturated versus polyunsaturated dietary fat

John S. Parks and Lawrence L. Rudel

Department of Comparative Medicine, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest University Winston-Salem, NC 27103

Monkeys fed polyunsaturated fat had significantly lower plasma cholesterol (186 ± 18 vs. 276 ± 31 mg/dl) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) mass concentrations (466 ± 28 vs. 518 ± 34 mg/dl) than did animals fed saturated fat. Plasma apoA-I concentrations also were significantly lower and apoA-II levels were generally, though not significantly, lower in the group fed polyunsaturated fat. In vivo reinjection studies, using thoracic duct lymph chylomicra labeled with ¹³¹I and HDL labeled with ¹²⁵I, were done in order to study the mechanism of plasma HDL-lowering by polyunsaturated dietary fat. The peak specific activity (SA) of HDL apoA-I derived from ¹³¹I-labeled chylomicra occurred at 3 hr after injection (172 ± 11% of 1 min S.A.) and then an exponential decay occurred indicative of a precursor-product relationship between chylomicron apoA-I and HDL apoA-I. In contrast, HDL apoA-II derived from ¹³¹I-labeled chylomicra had no early S.A. increase and began to die away immediately after injection. Labeled apoA-I from chylomicron and HDL origin had similar plasma fractional catabolic rates (FCR = 0.34-0.38 vs. 0.32-0.38 d^-1, respectively); apoA-II from chylomicron or HDL origin also had similar FCR (0.46-0.51 vs. 0.42-0.51 d^-1, respectively), which were significantly shorter than those for HDL apoA-I. There was a consistent trend toward a higher FCR for HDL apoA-I or A-II of polyunsaturated fat-fed recipients. Chylomicron apoA-I/triglyceride and apoA-II/triglyceride mass ratios were lower in polyunsaturated fat-fed animals (A-I/TG = 1.56 x 10^-3; A-II/TG = 1.47 x 10^-3) vs. saturated fat-fed animals (A-I/TG = 2.58 x 10^-3; A-II/TG = 2.77 x 10^-3). It was concluded that: (1) dietary polyunsaturated fat significantly lowered plasma cholesterol, HDL, and apoA-I concentrations relative to saturated fat; (2) the HDL-lowering effect of the dietary polyunsaturated fat may be due to the combined effects of decreased apoprotein production by the intestine and increased HDL catabolism; and (3) in the blood, chylomicron apoA-I and A-II differ in their metabolic fates.—Parks, J. S., and L. L. Rudel. Different kinetic fates of apolipoproteins A-I and A-II from lymph chylomicra of nonhuman primates. Effect of saturated versus polyunsaturated dietary fat.

Supplementary key words apolipoprotein • lymph lipoproteins • non-human primates • saturated dietary fat • polyunsaturated dietary fat

Submitted on May 11, 1981
Revised on October 20, 1981

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