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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol 25, 805-812, Copyright © 1984 by Lipid Research, Inc.
F Berr and F Kern Jr
To estimate hepatic uptake of chylomicron remnants in humans, chylomicrons
and intestinal very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) were endogenously
labeled with retinyl esters, harvested by plasmapheresis, and
pulse-injected into the donor 44 hr after plasmapheresis. Plasma decay of
retinyl palmitate was measured in eight healthy volunteers. Retinyl
palmitate plasma disappearance obeyed an apparent first order function in
seven studies and, in one study, a biexponential function with the second,
slow exponential accounting for only 13% of the retinyl palmitate plasma
decay. The mean fractional removal of rate was 0.037 +/- 0.037 min-1 (mean
+/- SD) in a one-compartment model. The apparent volume of distribution,
Vd, was 109 +/- 25% of the estimated plasma volume. Plasma clearance of
retinyl palmitate was 130 +/- 97 ml/min calculated as Vd x Ke. Mean T 1/2
was 29 +/- 16 min. Both in vitro and in vivo the retinyl palmitate remained
largely within chylomicrons and intestinal VLDL. Only 4.3% was transferred
from chylomicrons to other lipoprotein classes during in vitro incubation
for 5 hr. After plasma was stored for 42 hr, 5% was transferred to higher
density lipoproteins. During 12 hr after a test meal containing retinyl
palmitate, only 6.4 +/- 1.5% of the retinyl palmitate absorbed was found in
the LDL fraction and 3.1 +/- 3.8% in the d 1.063 g/ml lipoproteins. We
conclude that retinyl palmitate is a useful marker for chylomicrons and
their remnants in humans and that the plasma clearance of retinyl
palmitate-labeled chylomicrons is probably an estimate of chylomicron
remnant plasma clearance in man.
ARTICLES
Plasma clearance of chylomicrons labeled with retinyl palmitate in healthy human subjects
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