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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol 26, 194-202, Copyright © 1985 by Lipid Research, Inc.
FH Mattson and SM Grundy
Twenty patients consumed a liquid diet in which the predominant fatty acids
were either saturated (Sat), monounsaturated (Mono), or polyunsaturated
(Poly). The fats in these three diets comprised 40% of total calories and
consisted of palm oil, high-oleic safflower oil, and high-linoleic
safflower oil, respectively. During the third and fourth week of each
dietary period, multiple samples of blood were taken and were analyzed for
plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and cholesterol in
lipoprotein fractions (VLDL-C, LDL-C, and HDL-C). Twelve of the patients
had normal TG levels; in these patients, both Mono and Poly diets caused
statistically significant and equal lowerings of plasma LDL-C, but the Poly
diet lowered HDL-C levels more frequently than did the Mono diet. Neither
diet changed the level of plasma TG. The proportions of total protein and
the various lipid components in isolated fractions (VLDL, IDL, LDL, HDL)
were not altered by the two diets. Eight patients had hypertriglyceridemia;
these individuals showed considerable variability in response to Mono and
Poly diets. Although there was a trend towards reductions in TC and LDL- C
levels by both types of unsaturated fats, the changes were inconsistent;
furthermore, HDL-C concentrations were low on the Sat diet and were
unaffected by either the Mono or the Poly diet. The results of this study
show that oleic acid is as effective as linoleic acid in lowering LDL-C
levels in normo-triglyceridemic patients, and oleic acid seemingly reduces
HDL-C levels less frequently than does linoleic acid. Neither type of
unsaturated fat had striking effects on lipoprotein levels of
hypertriglyceridemic patients.
ARTICLES
Comparison of effects of dietary saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in man
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G. L. Vega and S. M. Grundy Hypercholesterolemia With Cholesterol-Enriched LDL and Normal Levels of LDL–Apolipoprotein B : Effects of the Step I Diet and Bile Acid Sequestrants on the Cholesterol Content of LDL Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., April 1, 1996; 16(4): 517 - 522. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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L. L. Rudel, J. S. Parks, and J. K. Sawyer Compared With Dietary Monounsaturated and Saturated Fat, Polyunsaturated Fat Protects African Green Monkeys From Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., December 1, 1995; 15(12): 2101 - 2110. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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N. Bergeron and R. J. Havel Influence of Diets Rich in Saturated and Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on the Postprandial Responses of Apolipoproteins B-48, B-100, E, and Lipids in Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., December 1, 1995; 15(12): 2111 - 2121. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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G. K Dowse, H. Gareeboo, K G. M M Alberti, P. Zimmet, J. Tuomilehto, A. Purran, D. Fareed, P. Chitson, V. R Collins, and F. Hemraj Changes in population cholesterol concentrations and other cardiovascular risk factor levels after five years of the non-communicable disease intervention programme in Mauritius BMJ, November 11, 1995; 311(7015): 1255 - 1259. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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C. D. Gardner and H. C. Kraemer Monounsaturated Versus Polyunsaturated Dietary Fat and Serum Lipids : A Meta-analysis Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., November 1, 1995; 15(11): 1917 - 1927. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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E. J. Schaefer, A. H. Lichtenstein, S. Lamon-Fava, J. H. Contois, Z. Li, H. Rasmussen, J. R. McNamara, and J. M. Ordovas Efficacy of a National Cholesterol Education Program Step 2 Diet in Normolipidemic and Hypercholesterolemic Middle-Aged and Elderly Men and Women Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., August 1, 1995; 15(8): 1079 - 1085. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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 S. C. Rumsey, N. F. Galeano, B. Lipschitz, and R. J. Deckelbaum Oleate and Other Long Chain Fatty Acids Stimulate Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Activity by Enhancing Acyl Coenzyme A:Cholesterol Acyltransferase Activity and Altering Intracellular Regulatory Cholesterol Pools in Cultured Cells J. Biol. Chem., April 28, 1995; 270(17): 10008 - 10016. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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H. A. Kleinveld, H. L.M. Hak-Lemmers, M. P.C. Hectors, N. J. de Fouw, P. N.M. Demacker, and A. F.H. Stalenhoef Vitamin E and Fatty Acid Intervention Does Not Attenuate the Progression of Atherosclerosis in Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidemic Rabbits Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., February 1, 1995; 15(2): 290 - 297. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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M. A. Denke Cholesterol-Lowering Diets: A Review of the Evidence Arch Intern Med, January 9, 1995; 155(1): 17 - 26. [Abstract] [PDF]
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 A. Garg, J. P. Bantle, R. R. Henry, A. M. Coulston, K. A. Griver, S. K. Raatz, L. Brinkley, Y-D. I. Chen, S. M. Grundy, B. A. Huet, et al. Effects of Varying Carbohydrate Content of Diet in Patients With Non--Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus JAMA, May 11, 1994; 271(18): 1421 - 1428. [Abstract] [PDF]
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A A Rivellese, P Auletta, G Marotta, G Saldalamacchia, A Giacoo, V Mastrilli, O Vaccaro, and G Riccardi Long term metabolic effects of two dietary methods of treating hyperlipidaemia BMJ, January 22, 1994; 308(6923): 227 - 231. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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D. B. Hunninghake, E. A. Stein, C. A. Dujovne, W. S. Harris, E. B. Feldman, V. T. Miller, J. A. Tobert, P. M. Laskarzewski, E. Quiter, J. Held, et al. The Efficacy of Intensive Dietary Therapy Alone or Combined with Lovastatin in Outpatients with Hypercholesterolemia N. Engl. J. Med., April 29, 1993; 328(17): 1213 - 1219. [Abstract] [Full Text]
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 M. Mietus-Snyder, A. L. Baker, E. J. Neufeld, C. Roberts, S. Dermarkarian, A. S. Beiser, and J. W. Newburger Effects of Nutritional Counseling on Lipoprotein Levels in a Pediatric Lipid Clinic Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, April 1, 1993; 147(4): 378 - 381. [Abstract] [PDF]
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B. M. Posner, J. L. Cobb, A. J. Belanger, L. A. Cupples, R. B. D'Agostino, and J. Stokes III Dietary Lipid Predictors of Coronary Heart Disease in Men: The Framingham Study Arch Intern Med, June 1, 1991; 151(6): 1181 - 1187. [Abstract] [PDF]
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S. M. Grundy Cholesterol and Coronary Heart Disease: Future Directions JAMA, December 19, 1990; 264(23): 3053 - 3059. [Abstract] [PDF]
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E. G. Levin, V. T. Miller, R. A. Muesing, D. B. Stoy, T. K. Balm, and J. C. LaRosa Comparison of Psyllium Hydrophilic Mucilloid and Cellulose as Adjuncts to a Prudent Diet in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Hypercholesterolemia Arch Intern Med, September 1, 1990; 150(9): 1822 - 1827. [Abstract] [PDF]
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 M. A. Denke and S. M. Grundy Hypercholesterolemia in Elderly Persons: Resolving the Treatment Dilemma Ann Intern Med, May 15, 1990; 112(10): 780 - 792. [Abstract] [PDF]
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D. M. Dreon, K. M. Vranizan, R. M. Krauss, M. A. Austin, and P. D. Wood The Effects of Polyunsaturated Fat vs Monounsaturated Fat on Plasma Lipoproteins JAMA, May 9, 1990; 263(18): 2462 - 2466. [Abstract] [PDF]
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M. Trevisan, V. Krogh, J. Freudenheim, A. Blake, P. Muti, S. Panico, E. Farinaro, M. Mancini, A. Menotti, and G. Ricci Consumption of Olive Oil, Butter, and Vegetable Oils and Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors JAMA, February 2, 1990; 263(5): 688 - 692. [Abstract] [PDF]
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C. B. Blum and R. I. Levy Current Therapy for Hypercholesterolemia JAMA, June 23, 1989; 261(24): 3582 - 3587. [Abstract] [PDF]
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V. Simko and S. Michael Absorptive Capacity for Dietary Fat in Elderly Patients With Debilitating Disorders Arch Intern Med, March 1, 1989; 149(3): 557 - 560. [Abstract] [PDF]
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 M. J. Franz How Enthusiastically Should. the Use of Monounsaturated Fats be Encouraged? The Diabetes Educator, January 1, 1989; 15(6): 494 - 497. [PDF]
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K. L. Radack Omega-3 Fatty Acids Ann Intern Med, July 1, 1988; 109(1): 81 - 82. [Abstract] [PDF]
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C. VON SCHACKY Prophylaxis of Atherosclerosis with Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acids: A Comprehensive Strategy Ann Intern Med, December 1, 1987; 107(6): 890 - 899. [Abstract] [PDF]
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 T.A.B. Sanders Diet and Coronary Heart Disease Perspectives in Public Health, October 1, 1987; 107(5): 163 - 165.
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P. T. Williams, S. P. Fortmann, R. B. Terry, S. C. Garay, K. M. Vranizan, N. Ellsworth, and P. D. Wood Associations of Dietary Fat, Regional Adiposity, and Blood Pressure in Men JAMA, June 19, 1987; 257(23): 3251 - 3256. [Abstract] [PDF]
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S. M. Grundy Cholesterol and Coronary Heart Disease: A New Era JAMA, November 28, 1986; 256(20): 2849 - 2858. [Abstract] [PDF]
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S. M. Grundy, D. Nix, M. F. Whelan, and L. Franklin Comparison of Three Cholesterol-Lowering Diets in Normolipidemic Men JAMA, November 7, 1986; 256(17): 2351 - 2355. [Abstract] [PDF]
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