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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol 26, 194-202, Copyright © 1985 by Lipid Research, Inc.


ARTICLES

Comparison of effects of dietary saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in man

FH Mattson and SM Grundy

Twenty patients consumed a liquid diet in which the predominant fatty acids were either saturated (Sat), monounsaturated (Mono), or polyunsaturated (Poly). The fats in these three diets comprised 40% of total calories and consisted of palm oil, high-oleic safflower oil, and high-linoleic safflower oil, respectively. During the third and fourth week of each dietary period, multiple samples of blood were taken and were analyzed for plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and cholesterol in lipoprotein fractions (VLDL-C, LDL-C, and HDL-C). Twelve of the patients had normal TG levels; in these patients, both Mono and Poly diets caused statistically significant and equal lowerings of plasma LDL-C, but the Poly diet lowered HDL-C levels more frequently than did the Mono diet. Neither diet changed the level of plasma TG. The proportions of total protein and the various lipid components in isolated fractions (VLDL, IDL, LDL, HDL) were not altered by the two diets. Eight patients had hypertriglyceridemia; these individuals showed considerable variability in response to Mono and Poly diets. Although there was a trend towards reductions in TC and LDL- C levels by both types of unsaturated fats, the changes were inconsistent; furthermore, HDL-C concentrations were low on the Sat diet and were unaffected by either the Mono or the Poly diet. The results of this study show that oleic acid is as effective as linoleic acid in lowering LDL-C levels in normo-triglyceridemic patients, and oleic acid seemingly reduces HDL-C levels less frequently than does linoleic acid. Neither type of unsaturated fat had striking effects on lipoprotein levels of hypertriglyceridemic patients.
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J. Nutr.Home page
J. Zhang, W. Ping, W. Chunrong, C. X. Shou, and G. Keyou
Nonhypercholesterolemic Effects of a Palm Oil Diet in Chinese Adults
J. Nutr., March 1, 1997; 127(3): 509 - 509.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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J. Nutr.Home page
C. Manna, P. Galletti, V. Cucciolla, O. Moltedo, A. Leone, and V. Zappia
The Protective Effect of the Olive Oil Polyphenol (3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)- ethanol Counteracts Reactive Oxygen Metabolite-Induced Cytotoxicity in Caco-2 Cells
J. Nutr., February 1, 1997; 127(2): 286 - 292.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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J. Nutr.Home page
M. J. P. Mazier and P. J. H. Jones
Diet Fat Saturation and Feeding State Modulate Rates of Cholesterol Synthesis in Normolipidemic Men
J. Nutr., February 1, 1997; 127(2): 332 - 340.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
P. Mata, R. Alonso, A. Lopez-Farre, J.M. Ordovas, C. Lahoz, C. Garces, C. Caramelo, R. Codoceo, E. Blazquez, and M. de Oya
Effect of Dietary Fat Saturation on LDL Oxidation and Monocyte Adhesion to Human Endothelial Cells In Vitro
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., November 1, 1996; 16(11): 1347 - 1355.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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BMJHome page
A. Chisholm, J. Mann, W. Sutherland, A. Duncan, M. Skeaff, and C. Frampton
Effect on lipoprotein profile of replacing butter wit margarine in a low fat diet: randomised crossover study with hypercholesterolaemic subjects
BMJ, April 13, 1996; 312(7036): 931 - 934.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
G. L. Vega and S. M. Grundy
Hypercholesterolemia With Cholesterol-Enriched LDL and Normal Levels of LDL–Apolipoprotein B : Effects of the Step I Diet and Bile Acid Sequestrants on the Cholesterol Content of LDL
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., April 1, 1996; 16(4): 517 - 522.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
L. L. Rudel, J. S. Parks, and J. K. Sawyer
Compared With Dietary Monounsaturated and Saturated Fat, Polyunsaturated Fat Protects African Green Monkeys From Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., December 1, 1995; 15(12): 2101 - 2110.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
N. Bergeron and R. J. Havel
Influence of Diets Rich in Saturated and Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on the Postprandial Responses of Apolipoproteins B-48, B-100, E, and Lipids in Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., December 1, 1995; 15(12): 2111 - 2121.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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BMJHome page
G. K Dowse, H. Gareeboo, K G. M M Alberti, P. Zimmet, J. Tuomilehto, A. Purran, D. Fareed, P. Chitson, V. R Collins, and F. Hemraj
Changes in population cholesterol concentrations and other cardiovascular risk factor levels after five years of the non-communicable disease intervention programme in Mauritius
BMJ, November 11, 1995; 311(7015): 1255 - 1259.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
C. D. Gardner and H. C. Kraemer
Monounsaturated Versus Polyunsaturated Dietary Fat and Serum Lipids : A Meta-analysis
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., November 1, 1995; 15(11): 1917 - 1927.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
E. J. Schaefer, A. H. Lichtenstein, S. Lamon-Fava, J. H. Contois, Z. Li, H. Rasmussen, J. R. McNamara, and J. M. Ordovas
Efficacy of a National Cholesterol Education Program Step 2 Diet in Normolipidemic and Hypercholesterolemic Middle-Aged and Elderly Men and Women
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., August 1, 1995; 15(8): 1079 - 1085.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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J. Biol. Chem.Home page
S. C. Rumsey, N. F. Galeano, B. Lipschitz, and R. J. Deckelbaum
Oleate and Other Long Chain Fatty Acids Stimulate Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Activity by Enhancing Acyl Coenzyme A:Cholesterol Acyltransferase Activity and Altering Intracellular Regulatory Cholesterol Pools in Cultured Cells
J. Biol. Chem., April 28, 1995; 270(17): 10008 - 10016.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Bio.Home page
H. A. Kleinveld, H. L.M. Hak-Lemmers, M. P.C. Hectors, N. J. de Fouw, P. N.M. Demacker, and A. F.H. Stalenhoef
Vitamin E and Fatty Acid Intervention Does Not Attenuate the Progression of Atherosclerosis in Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidemic Rabbits
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., February 1, 1995; 15(2): 290 - 297.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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Arch Intern MedHome page
M. A. Denke
Cholesterol-Lowering Diets: A Review of the Evidence
Arch Intern Med, January 9, 1995; 155(1): 17 - 26.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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JAMAHome page
A. Garg, J. P. Bantle, R. R. Henry, A. M. Coulston, K. A. Griver, S. K. Raatz, L. Brinkley, Y-D. I. Chen, S. M. Grundy, B. A. Huet, et al.
Effects of Varying Carbohydrate Content of Diet in Patients With Non--Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
JAMA, May 11, 1994; 271(18): 1421 - 1428.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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BMJHome page
A A Rivellese, P Auletta, G Marotta, G Saldalamacchia, A Giacoo, V Mastrilli, O Vaccaro, and G Riccardi
Long term metabolic effects of two dietary methods of treating hyperlipidaemia
BMJ, January 22, 1994; 308(6923): 227 - 231.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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NEJMHome page
D. B. Hunninghake, E. A. Stein, C. A. Dujovne, W. S. Harris, E. B. Feldman, V. T. Miller, J. A. Tobert, P. M. Laskarzewski, E. Quiter, J. Held, et al.
The Efficacy of Intensive Dietary Therapy Alone or Combined with Lovastatin in Outpatients with Hypercholesterolemia
N. Engl. J. Med., April 29, 1993; 328(17): 1213 - 1219.
[Abstract] [Full Text]


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Arch Pediatr Adolesc MedHome page
M. Mietus-Snyder, A. L. Baker, E. J. Neufeld, C. Roberts, S. Dermarkarian, A. S. Beiser, and J. W. Newburger
Effects of Nutritional Counseling on Lipoprotein Levels in a Pediatric Lipid Clinic
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, April 1, 1993; 147(4): 378 - 381.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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Arch Intern MedHome page
B. M. Posner, J. L. Cobb, A. J. Belanger, L. A. Cupples, R. B. D'Agostino, and J. Stokes III
Dietary Lipid Predictors of Coronary Heart Disease in Men: The Framingham Study
Arch Intern Med, June 1, 1991; 151(6): 1181 - 1187.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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JAMAHome page
S. M. Grundy
Cholesterol and Coronary Heart Disease: Future Directions
JAMA, December 19, 1990; 264(23): 3053 - 3059.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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Arch Intern MedHome page
E. G. Levin, V. T. Miller, R. A. Muesing, D. B. Stoy, T. K. Balm, and J. C. LaRosa
Comparison of Psyllium Hydrophilic Mucilloid and Cellulose as Adjuncts to a Prudent Diet in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Hypercholesterolemia
Arch Intern Med, September 1, 1990; 150(9): 1822 - 1827.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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ANN INTERN MEDHome page
M. A. Denke and S. M. Grundy
Hypercholesterolemia in Elderly Persons: Resolving the Treatment Dilemma
Ann Intern Med, May 15, 1990; 112(10): 780 - 792.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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JAMAHome page
D. M. Dreon, K. M. Vranizan, R. M. Krauss, M. A. Austin, and P. D. Wood
The Effects of Polyunsaturated Fat vs Monounsaturated Fat on Plasma Lipoproteins
JAMA, May 9, 1990; 263(18): 2462 - 2466.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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JAMAHome page
M. Trevisan, V. Krogh, J. Freudenheim, A. Blake, P. Muti, S. Panico, E. Farinaro, M. Mancini, A. Menotti, and G. Ricci
Consumption of Olive Oil, Butter, and Vegetable Oils and Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors
JAMA, February 2, 1990; 263(5): 688 - 692.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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JAMAHome page
C. B. Blum and R. I. Levy
Current Therapy for Hypercholesterolemia
JAMA, June 23, 1989; 261(24): 3582 - 3587.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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Arch Intern MedHome page
V. Simko and S. Michael
Absorptive Capacity for Dietary Fat in Elderly Patients With Debilitating Disorders
Arch Intern Med, March 1, 1989; 149(3): 557 - 560.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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The Diabetes EducatorHome page
M. J. Franz
How Enthusiastically Should. the Use of Monounsaturated Fats be Encouraged?
The Diabetes Educator, January 1, 1989; 15(6): 494 - 497.
[PDF]


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ANN INTERN MEDHome page
K. L. Radack
Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Ann Intern Med, July 1, 1988; 109(1): 81 - 82.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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ANN INTERN MEDHome page
C. VON SCHACKY
Prophylaxis of Atherosclerosis with Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acids: A Comprehensive Strategy
Ann Intern Med, December 1, 1987; 107(6): 890 - 899.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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The Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of HealthHome page
T.A.B. Sanders
Diet and Coronary Heart Disease
Perspectives in Public Health, October 1, 1987; 107(5): 163 - 165.



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JAMAHome page
P. T. Williams, S. P. Fortmann, R. B. Terry, S. C. Garay, K. M. Vranizan, N. Ellsworth, and P. D. Wood
Associations of Dietary Fat, Regional Adiposity, and Blood Pressure in Men
JAMA, June 19, 1987; 257(23): 3251 - 3256.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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JAMAHome page
S. M. Grundy
Cholesterol and Coronary Heart Disease: A New Era
JAMA, November 28, 1986; 256(20): 2849 - 2858.
[Abstract] [PDF]


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JAMAHome page
S. M. Grundy, D. Nix, M. F. Whelan, and L. Franklin
Comparison of Three Cholesterol-Lowering Diets in Normolipidemic Men
JAMA, November 7, 1986; 256(17): 2351 - 2355.
[Abstract] [PDF]




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