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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol 29, 1451-1460, Copyright © 1988 by Lipid Research, Inc.
WS Harris, WE Connor, N Alam and DR Illingworth
Long chain n-3 fatty acids present in fish oils have been shown to reduce
fasting plasma triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein levels in
normal and hyperlipidemic human subjects. The present studies were designed
to examine whether dietary n-3 fatty acids influence chylomicron formation
and metabolism in healthy volunteers. In the first study seven subjects
were fed either saturated fat, vegetable oil, or fish oil-based diets for 4
weeks each, and test meals containing 50 g of the background fat were
administered after the second week of each diet. The postprandial rise in
triglyceride levels was significantly lower following the fish oil test
meal as compared to the saturated fat or vegetable oil test meals. In the
second study, six subjects eating their usual home diets were given two fat
tolerance tests. The first contained saturated fat and the second, given 1
week later, contained fish oil. There was no difference in the postprandial
triglyceride response between the fish oil and the saturated fat meals. A
third study was then conducted with eight volunteers in which saturated fat
and fish oil test meals were administered during saturated fat and fish oil
background diets in a crossover design. The presence of fish oil in the
background diet reduced postprandial lipemia regardless of the type of fat
in the test meal. Although there was no effect of the fish oil diet on the
lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase activity of postheparin plasma
measured in vitro, stimulation of in vivo lipolysis was not ruled out. Our
results suggest that chronic (but not acute) intake of fish oil may inhibit
the synthesis or secretion of chylomicrons from the gut. However,
accelerated clearance due to decreased VLDL competition cannot be excluded.
ARTICLES
Reduction of postprandial triglyceridemia in humans by dietary n-3 fatty acids
Department of Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland 97201.
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