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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol 32, 2009-2017, Copyright © 1991 by Lipid Research, Inc.
AM Stinson, RD Wiegand and RE Anderson
About 50% of the fatty acids in retinal rod outer segments is
docosahexaenoic acid [22:6(n-3)], a member of the linolenic acid
[18:3(n-3)] family of essential fatty acids. Dietary deprivation of n-3
fatty acids leads to only modest changes in 22:6(n-3) levels in the retina.
We investigated the mechanism(s) by which the retina conserves 22:6(n-3)
during n-3 fatty acid deficiency. Weanling rats were fed diets containing
10% (wt/wt) hydrogenated coconut oil (no n-3 or n-6 fatty acids), linseed
oil (high n-3, low n-6), or safflower oil (high n- 6, less than 0.1% n-3)
for 15 weeks. The turnover of phospholipid molecular species and the
turnover and recycling of 22:6(n-3) in phospholipids of the rod outer
segment membranes were examined after the intravitreal injection of
[2-3H]glycerol and [4,5-3H]22:6(n-3), respectively. Animals were killed on
selected days, and rod outer segment membranes, liver, and plasma were
taken for lipid analyses. The half-lives (days) of individual phospholipid
molecular species and total phospholipid 22:6(n-3) were calculated from the
slopes of the regression lines of log specific activity versus time. There
were no differences in the turnover rates of phospholipid molecular species
among the three dietary groups, as determined by the disappearance of
labeled glycerol. Thus, 22:6(n-3) is not conserved through a reduction in
phospholipid turnover in rod outer segments. However, the half-life of
[4,5-3H]22:6(n-3) in the linseed oil group (19 days) was significantly less
than in the coconut oil (54 days) and safflower oil (not measurable)
groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
ARTICLES
Recycling of docosahexaenoic acid in rat retinas during n-3 fatty acid deficiency
Cullen Eye Institute, Houston, TX.
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