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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol 32, 1465-1476, Copyright © 1991 by Lipid Research, Inc.
A von Eckardstein, M Walter, H Holz, A Benninghoven and G Assmann
ApoA-I and apoC-II are eluted in two isoforms and apoC-III2 is eluted in
three isoforms by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC). The structural basis of these nongenetic heterogeneities was
unravelled using HPLC of proteolytic peptides and time-of-flight secondary
ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). In apoA-I, the chromatographic
microheterogeneity was caused by the formation of methionine sulfoxides
(MetSO). However, only residues Met112 and Met148 were found oxidized,
whereas Met86 was unaffected and also resistant towards artificial
oxidation. To assess whether and to what extent amino acid substitutions in
apoA-I might affect methionine sulfoxidation, the tryptic peptides of 13
different mutant apoA-I proteins from 24 heterozygous apoA-I variant
carriers were analyzed by HPLC. In normal apoA-I, the ratios
MetSO112/Met112 and MetSO148/Met148 were highly variable. By contrast, the
relative ratio of oxidation of methionine residues 112 and 148 was
constant. The amino acid changes Lys107----Met, Lys107----O, Glu139----Gly,
Glu147----Val, and Pro165---- Arg resulted in the preferential oxidation of
Met112, and Asp103----Asn resulted in a preferential oxidation of Met148;
whereas Pro3----Arg, Pro3----His, Pro4----Arg, Asp89----Glu, Ala158----Asp,
Glu198----Lys, and Asp213----Gly had no impact. ApoC-II and apoC-III
isoforms differed by the oxidation of the two methionine residues in these
proteins. Whereas in apoC-II both methionine residues were oxidized in
parallel, in apoC-III the two methionine residues differed in their
susceptibility towards oxidation. We conclude that the formation of MetSO
depends on the molecular microenvironment within a protein.
ARTICLES
Site-specific methionine sulfoxide formation is the structural basis of chromatographic heterogeneity of apolipoproteins A-I, C-II, and C-III
Institut fur Klinische Chemie und Laboratoriumsmedizin, Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster, Germany.
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