|
 |
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
Journal of Lipid Research, Vol 34, 1535-1544, Copyright © 1993 by Lipid Research, Inc.
HT Vanhanen, S Blomqvist, C Ehnholm, M Hyvonen, M Jauhiainen, I Torstila and TA Miettinen
A randomized double-blind study was made in 67 modestly
hypercholesterolemic subjects by replacing 50 g of daily dietary fat by the
same amount of a rapeseed oil preparation without and with fat- soluble
sitostanol esters. The diet became relatively rich in dietary fat (37%)
especially in subjects with a low basal calorie intake. The esters were
prepared by transesterification of sitostanol with rapeseed oil fatty
acids. The effects of sitostanol esters were studied on serum cholesterol
and cholesterol synthesis (measuring cholesterol precursors in serum) and
absorption (measuring serum plant sterols). The results were related to
different apoE phenotypes. A 6-week regimen of about 3.4 g/day of
sitostanol lowered total and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol
levels by 7.5% and 10%, respectively, over that due to rapeseed oil alone.
High density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations
were unchanged. Thus, the HDL/LDL cholesterol ratio was significantly
increased. The decrease in LDL cholesterol level was more consistent in
subjects with the epsilon 4 allele than in those with homozygous epsilon 3
alleles. Sitostanol markedly decreased serum campesterol (-46%) and
sitosterol (-30%), especially in subjects with the epsilon 4 alleles known
to have high cholesterol absorption . The decreases of LDL cholesterol and
plant sterols were interrelated, suggesting that reduced cholesterol
absorption contributed to the lowering of LDL cholesterol. Serum sitostanol
was unchanged, while the serum cholesterol precursors, delta 8-cholestenol,
desmosterol, and lathosterol, were compensatorily increased by 10% (P <
0.05), most consistently in the subjects with epsilon 4 alleles, indicating
an increase in cholesterol synthesis. The study demonstrates that
sitostanol esters dissolved in dietary fat can be recommended for treatment
of modest primary hypercholesterolemia and are apparently practical and
suitable for cholesterol lowering in a general population.
ARTICLES
Serum cholesterol, cholesterol precursors, and plant sterols in hypercholesterolemic subjects with different apoE phenotypes during dietary sitostanol ester treatment
Second Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.
CiteULike 
Complore 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us 
Digg 
Reddit 
Technorati What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  C. S. Derdemezis, T. D. Filippatos, D. P. Mikhailidis, and M. S. Elisaf Review Article: Effects of Plant Sterols and Stanols Beyond Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Lowering Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, June 1, 2010; 15(2): 120 - 134. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. P. Carr, K. L. S. Krogstrand, V. L. Schlegel, and M. L. Fernandez Stearate-Enriched Plant Sterol Esters Lower Serum LDL Cholesterol Concentration in Normo- and Hypercholesterolemic Adults J. Nutr., August 1, 2009; 139(8): 1445 - 1450. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 O. Weingartner, M. Bohm, and U. Laufs Controversial role of plant sterol esters in the management of hypercholesterolaemia Eur. Heart J., February 2, 2009; 30(4): 404 - 409. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. J. Sanchez-Muniz, K. C. Maki, E. J. Schaefer, and J. M. Ordovas Serum Lipid and Antioxidant Responses in Hypercholesterolemic Men and Women Receiving Plant Sterol Esters Vary by Apolipoprotein E Genotype J. Nutr., January 1, 2009; 139(1): 13 - 19. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. Rudkowska Functional foods for cardiovascular disease in women Menopause Int, June 1, 2008; 14(2): 63 - 69. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Naumann, J. Plat, A. D.M. Kester, and R. P. Mensink The Baseline Serum Lipoprotein Profile Is Related to Plant Stanol Induced Changes in Serum Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Triacylglycerol Concentrations J. Am. Coll. Nutr., February 1, 2008; 27(1): 117 - 126. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 I. A Castro, L. P Barroso, and P. Sinnecker Functional foods for coronary heart disease risk reduction: a meta-analysis using a multivariate approach Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2005; 82(1): 32 - 40. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. H. Ju, L. M. Clausen, K. F. Allred, A. L. Almada, and W. G. Helferich {beta}-Sitosterol, {beta}-Sitosterol Glucoside, and a Mixture of {beta}-Sitosterol and {beta}-Sitosterol Glucoside Modulate the Growth of Estrogen-Responsive Breast Cancer Cells In Vitro and in Ovariectomized Athymic Mice J. Nutr., May 1, 2004; 134(5): 1145 - 1151. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Naumann, J. Plat, and R. P. Mensink Changes in Serum Concentrations of Noncholesterol Sterols and Lipoproteins in Healthy Subjects Do Not Depend on the Ratio of Plant Sterols to Stanols in the Diet J. Nutr., September 1, 2003; 133(9): 2741 - 2747. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. B. Katan, S. M. Grundy, P. Jones, M. Law, T. Miettinen, R. Paoletti, and Stresa Workshop Participants Efficacy and Safety of Plant Stanols and Sterols in the Management of Blood Cholesterol Levels Mayo Clin. Proc., August 1, 2003; 78(8): 965 - 978. [Abstract] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. O. Kwiterovich Jr., S. C. Chen, D. G. Virgil, A. Schweitzer, D. R. Arnold, and L. E. Kratz Response of obligate heterozygotes for phytosterolemia to a low-fat diet and to a plant sterol ester dietary challenge J. Lipid Res., June 1, 2003; 44(6): 1143 - 1155. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M. Lottenberg, V. S. Nunes, E. R. Nakandakare, M. Neves, M. Bernik, L. Lagrost, J. E. dos Santos, and E. Quintao The Human Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein I405V Polymorphism Is Associated with Plasma Cholesterol Concentration and Its Reduction by Dietary Phytosterol Esters J. Nutr., June 1, 2003; 133(6): 1800 - 1805. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Lusa, S. Heino, and E. Ikonen Differential Mobilization of Newly Synthesized Cholesterol and Biosynthetic Sterol Precursors from Cells J. Biol. Chem., May 23, 2003; 278(22): 19844 - 19851. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. F Masson, G. McNeill, and A. Avenell Genetic variation and the lipid response to dietary intervention: a systematic review Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2003; 77(5): 1098 - 1111. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 References Circulation, December 17, 2002; 106(25): 3373 - 3421. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. A Vanstone, M. Raeini-Sarjaz, W. E Parsons, and P. J. Jones Unesterified plant sterols and stanols lower LDL-cholesterol concentrations equivalently in hypercholesterolemic persons Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, December 1, 2002; 76(6): 1272 - 1278. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Nissinen, H. Gylling, M. Vuoristo, and T. A. Miettinen Micellar distribution of cholesterol and phytosterols after duodenal plant stanol ester infusion Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol, June 1, 2002; 282(6): G1009 - G1015. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Zawydiwski, D. L. Sprecher, M. J. Evelegh, P. Horsewood, C. Carte, and M. Patterson A Novel Test for the Measurement of Skin Cholesterol Clin. Chem., July 1, 2001; 47(7): 1302 - 1304. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. H. Lichtenstein and R. J. Deckelbaum Stanol/Sterol Ester-Containing Foods and Blood Cholesterol Levels : A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the Nutrition Committee of the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism of the American Heart Association Circulation, February 27, 2001; 103(8): 1177 - 1179. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M. Krauss, R. H. Eckel, B. Howard, L. J. Appel, S. R. Daniels, R. J. Deckelbaum, J. W. Erdman Jr, P. Kris-Etherton, I. J. Goldberg, T. A. Kotchen, et al. AHA Scientific Statement: AHA Dietary Guidelines: Revision 2000: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the Nutrition Committee of the American Heart Association J. Nutr., January 1, 2001; 131(1): 132 - 146. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. M. Krauss, R. H. Eckel, B. Howard, L. J. Appel, S. R. Daniels, R. J. Deckelbaum, J. W. Erdman Jr, P. Kris-Etherton, I. J. Goldberg, T. A. Kotchen, et al. AHA Dietary Guidelines : Revision 2000: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the Nutrition Committee of the American Heart Association Stroke, November 1, 2000; 31(11): 2751 - 2766. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. M. Krauss, R. H. Eckel, B. Howard, L. J. Appel, S. R. Daniels, R. J. Deckelbaum, J. W. Erdman Jr, P. Kris-Etherton, I. J. Goldberg, T. A. Kotchen, et al. AHA Dietary Guidelines : Revision 2000: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the Nutrition Committee of the American Heart Association Circulation, October 31, 2000; 102(18): 2284 - 2299. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. Normen, P. Dutta, A. Lia, and H. Andersson Soy sterol esters and {beta}-sitostanol ester as inhibitors of cholesterol absorption in human small bowel Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, April 1, 2000; 71(4): 908 - 913. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. A. Hallikainen, E. S. Sarkkinen, and M. I. J. Uusitupa Plant Stanol Esters Affect Serum Cholesterol Concentrations of Hypercholesterolemic Men and Women in a Dose-dependent Manner J. Nutr., April 1, 2000; 130(4): 767 - 776. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Law Plant sterol and stanol margarines and health BMJ, March 25, 2000; 320(7238): 861 - 864. [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. T. Nguyen The Cholesterol-Lowering Action of Plant Stanol Esters J. Nutr., December 1, 1999; 129(12): 2109 - 2112. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
R. E Ostlund Jr, C. A Spilburg, and W. F Stenson Sitostanol administered in lecithin micelles potently reduces cholesterol absorption in humans Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, November 1, 1999; 70(5): 826 - 831. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
P. J. Jones, F. Y Ntanios, M. Raeini-Sarjaz, and C. A Vanstone Cholesterol-lowering efficacy of a sitostanol-containing phytosterol mixture with a prudent diet in hyperlipidemic men Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 1999; 69(6): 1144 - 1150. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Gylling, P. Puska, E. Vartiainen, and T. A. Miettinen Serum sterols during stanol ester feeding in a mildly hypercholesterolemic population J. Lipid Res., April 1, 1999; 40(4): 593 - 600. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Gylling, R. Radhakrishnan, and T. A. Miettinen Reduction of Serum Cholesterol in Postmenopausal Women With Previous Myocardial Infarction and Cholesterol Malabsorption Induced by Dietary Sitostanol Ester Margarine : Women and Dietary Sitostanol Circulation, December 16, 1997; 96(12): 4226 - 4231. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 T. A. Miettinen, P. Puska, H. Gylling, H. Vanhanen, and E. Vartiainen Reduction of Serum Cholesterol with Sitostanol-Ester Margarine in a Mildly Hypercholesterolemic Population N. Engl. J. Med., November 16, 1995; 333(20): 1308 - 1312. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. J. Johnson, R. T. Fischer, M. C. Phillips, and G. H. Rothblat Efflux of Newly Synthesized Cholesterol and Biosynthetic Sterol Intermediates from Cells J. Biol. Chem., October 20, 1995; 270(42): 25037 - 25046. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| All ASBMB Journals | Journal of Biological Chemistry |
| Molecular and Cellular Proteomics | ASBMB Today |