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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol 35, 1801-1808, Copyright © 1994 by Lipid Research, Inc.
GF Gibbons, R Khurana, A Odwell and MC Seelaender
The human hepatoma cell line HepG2 in culture medium synthesized fatty
acids de novo (144 +/- 9 nmol fatty acid/mg protein per 24 h) at a rate
similar to that observed in freshly prepared rat hepatocytes (192 +/- 8
nmol/mg per 24 h) and in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes (165.4 +/-
29.3 nmol/mg per 24 h). In HepG2 cells, fatty acid synthesis was inhibited
by extracellular oleate (0.75 mM), and, to a lesser extent, by glucagon
(10(-7) M). Insulin (7.8 x 10(-8) M) had a mild stimulatory effect. Fatty
acid synthesis was not influenced by lipogenic precursors (lactate plus
pyruvate), substances which, in rat hepatocytes, had pronounced stimulatory
effects. Fatty acid synthesis rates were also unchanged in the presence of
prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). In general, compared to rat hepatocytes, fatty
acid synthesis in HepG2 cells was less sensitive to manipulation of the
culture medium in vitro. HepG2 cells had a high capacity for
triacylglycerol synthesis from extracellular oleate (469 +/- 43 nmol
triacylglycerol/mg protein per 24 h) but phospholipid synthesis was
relatively low (15.8 +/- 0.4% of total glycerolipids). Very little of the
above newly synthesized triacylglycerol was secreted as lipoprotein (4.62
+/- 0.88 nmol triacylglycerol/mg protein per 24 h) resulting in a large
intracellular accumulation of triacylglycerol. This was exacerbated by the
absence of any detectable ketogenesis. The secretion of triacylglycerol
produced from de novo synthesized fatty acids was also very low in HepG2
compared to that observed in primary cultures of rat hapatocytes.(ABSTRACT
TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
ARTICLES
Lipid balance in HepG2 cells: active synthesis and impaired mobilization
Metabolic Research Laboratory, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Infirmary, England.
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