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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol 36, 2079-2089, Copyright © 1995 by Lipid Research, Inc.
T Ranheim, B Halvorsen, AC Huggett, R Blomhoff and CA Drevon
The influence of cafestol, a lipid component found in boiled coffee, on low
density lipoprotein (LDL) and lipid metabolism was investigated in CaCo-2
cells cultured on filter membranes. The rate of uptake and degradation of
125I-labeled tyramine cellobiose-LDL was increased 50% in CaCo-2 cells
incubated with cafestol (20 micrograms/ml, 63 microM) for 24 h, whereas in
cells incubated with 25-hydroxycholesterol (10 micrograms/ml, 25 microM)
the rate of uptake and degradation showed a 30% decrease. A mixture of
kahweol and cafestol, both natural components of coffee beans, modestly
enhanced the rate of LDL uptake and degradation, as compared to pure
cafestol. Incubation of cafestol with CaCo-2 cells induced a 3-fold
up-regulation of LDL receptor mRNA, as compared to control cells. In
contrast, incubation of the cells with 25-hydroxycholesterol produced a 30%
decrease of LDL receptor expression. CaCo-2 cells were transfected with a
promoter region containing the sterol regulatory element-1 (SRE-1) coupled
to the reporter gene chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT). When cells
transfected with SRE-1 promoter were incubated with cafestol, there was a
20% up-regulation of CAT activity, whereas 25-hydroxycholesterol abolished
this activity. Cafestol contributed to a significantly lowered secretion of
cholesteryl ester and triacylglycerol, regardless of the radiolabeled
precursor used ([2-14C]acetic acid, [1,2,3- 3H]glycerol, [3H]water, and
[1-14C]oleic acid). This reduction in secretion of lipids was accompanied
by an increase in trichloroacetic acid-soluble activity when radiolabeled
oleic acid was used as a tracer. We conclude that cafestol promotes an
enhanced rate of uptake and degradation of LDL, probably due to an increase
in transcription of LDL receptor mRNA and a reduced secretion of
cholesteryl ester and triacylglycerol in CaCo-2 cells.
ARTICLES
Effect of a coffee lipid (cafestol) on regulation of lipid metabolism in CaCo-2 cells
Section for Dietary Research, University of Oslo, Norway.
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