Molecular physiology of reverse cholesterol transport

Molecular physiology of reverse cholesterol transport

CJ Fielding and PE Fielding
Department of Physiology, University of California Medical Center, San Francisco 94143, USA.

Reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) is the pathway by which peripheral cell cholesterol can be returned to the liver for catabolism. Evidence of specific functions for molecular structures within individual plasma lipoprotein species has rapidly accumulated from recent studies using molecular and cellular physiology techniques. The removal of cholesterol from cells, like its delivery, appears to be specific and well regulated. Although further research will be needed, RCT can now be understood in molecular terms.
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W. M. Cao, K. Murao, H. Imachi, X. Yu, H. Dobashi, K. Yoshida, T. Muraoka, N. Kotsuna, S. Nagao, N. C. W. Wong, et al.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Regulation of Hepatic Scavenger Receptor Class BI
Endocrinology, December 1, 2004; 145(12): 5540 - 5547.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

R. Out, M. Hoekstra, J. A. A. Spijkers, J. K. Kruijt, M. van Eck, I. S. T. Bos, J. Twisk, and T. J. C. Van Berkel
Scavenger receptor class B type I is solely responsible for the selective uptake of cholesteryl esters from HDL by the liver and the adrenals in mice
J. Lipid Res., November 1, 2004; 45(11): 2088 - 2095.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

B. F. Asztalos, L. A. Cupples, S. Demissie, K. V. Horvath, C. E. Cox, M. C. Batista, and E. J. Schaefer
High-Density Lipoprotein Subpopulation Profile and Coronary Heart Disease Prevalence in Male Participants of the Framingham Offspring Study
Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., November 1, 2004; 24(11): 2181 - 2187.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

R. J. Brown, A. Gauthier, R. J. Parks, R. McPherson, D. L. Sparks, J. R. Schultz, and Z. Yao
Severe Hypoalphalipoproteinemia in Mice Expressing Human Hepatic Lipase Deficient in Binding to Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycan
J. Biol. Chem., October 8, 2004; 279(41): 42403 - 42409.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

X. Zhu, A. M. Herzenberg, M. Eskandarian, G. F. Maguire, J. W. Scholey, P. W. Connelly, and D. S. Ng
A Novel in Vivo Lecithin-Cholesterol Acyltransferase (LCAT)-Deficient Mouse Expressing Predominantly LpX Is Associated with Spontaneous Glomerulopathy
Am. J. Pathol., October 1, 2004; 165(4): 1269 - 1278.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

J. W. J. Beulens, A. Sierksma, A. van Tol, N. Fournier, T. van Gent, J-L. Paul, and H. F. J. Hendriks
Moderate alcohol consumption increases cholesterol efflux mediated by ABCA1
J. Lipid Res., September 1, 2004; 45(9): 1716 - 1723.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

I. L. Ruel, P. Couture, J. S. Cohn, A. Bensadoun, M. Marcil, and B. Lamarche
Evidence that hepatic lipase deficiency in humans is not associated with proatherogenic changes in HDL composition and metabolism
J. Lipid Res., August 1, 2004; 45(8): 1528 - 1537.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

T. Nakabayashi, K. Yamauchi, M. Sugano, K. Sano, M. Tozuka, and H. Hidaka
Degradation of Pre-{beta}-High Density Lipoproteins and Their Binding Activity to Human Blood Monocytes
Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci., July 1, 2004; 34(3): 287 - 298.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

S. Bhat, M. Zabalawi, M. C. Willingham, G. S. Shelness, M. J. Thomas, and M. G. Sorci-Thomas
Quality control in the apoA-I secretory pathway: deletion of apoA-I helix 6 leads to the formation of cytosolic phospholipid inclusions
J. Lipid Res., July 1, 2004; 45(7): 1207 - 1220.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

W. Khovidhunkit, M.-S. Kim, R. A. Memon, J. K. Shigenaga, A. H. Moser, K. R. Feingold, and C. Grunfeld
Thematic review series: The Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis. Effects of infection and inflammation on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism mechanisms and consequences to the host
J. Lipid Res., July 1, 2004; 45(7): 1169 - 1196.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

T. J. F. Nieland, A. Chroni, M. L. Fitzgerald, Z. Maliga, V. I. Zannis, T. Kirchhausen, and M. Krieger
Cross-inhibition of SR-BI- and ABCA1-mediated cholesterol transport by the small molecules BLT-4 and glyburide
J. Lipid Res., July 1, 2004; 45(7): 1256 - 1265.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

M. Kockx, K.-A. Rye, K. Gaus, C. M. Quinn, J. Wright, T. Sloane, D. Sviridov, Y. Fu, D. Sullivan, J. R. Burnett, et al.
Apolipoprotein A-I-stimulated Apolipoprotein E Secretion from Human Macrophages Is Independent of Cholesterol Efflux
J. Biol. Chem., June 18, 2004; 279(25): 25966 - 25977.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

P. Natarajan, T. M. Forte, B. Chu, M. C. Phillips, J. F. Oram, and J. K. Bielicki
Identification of an Apolipoprotein A-I Structural Element That Mediates Cellular Cholesterol Efflux and Stabilizes ATP Binding Cassette Transporter A1
J. Biol. Chem., June 4, 2004; 279(23): 24044 - 24052.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

D. Sahoo, T. C. Trischuk, T. Chan, V. A. B. Drover, S. Ho, G. Chimini, L. B. Agellon, R. Agnihotri, G. A. Francis, and R. Lehner
ABCA1-dependent lipid efflux to apolipoprotein A-I mediates HDL particle formation and decreases VLDL secretion from murine hepatocytes
J. Lipid Res., June 1, 2004; 45(6): 1122 - 1131.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

D. M. Selva, V. Hirsch-Reinshagen, B. Burgess, S. Zhou, J. Chan, S. McIsaac, M. R. Hayden, G. L. Hammond, A. W. Vogl, and C. L. Wellington
The ATP-binding cassette transporter 1 mediates lipid efflux from Sertoli cells and influences male fertility
J. Lipid Res., June 1, 2004; 45(6): 1040 - 1050.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

H. Saito, P. Dhanasekaran, D. Nguyen, E. Deridder, P. Holvoet, S. Lund-Katz, and M. C. Phillips
{alpha}-Helix Formation Is Required for High Affinity Binding of Human Apolipoprotein A-I to Lipids
J. Biol. Chem., May 14, 2004; 279(20): 20974 - 20981.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

B. G. Drew, N. H. Fidge, G. Gallon-Beaumier, B. E. Kemp, and B. A. Kingwell
High-density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein AI increase endothelial NO synthase activity by protein association and multisite phosphorylation
PNAS, May 4, 2004; 101(18): 6999 - 7004.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

B. P. Atshaves, H. R. Payne, A. L. McIntosh, S. E. Tichy, D. Russell, A. B. Kier, and F. Schroeder
Sexually dimorphic metabolism of branched-chain lipids in C57BL/6J mice
J. Lipid Res., May 1, 2004; 45(5): 812 - 830.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

J. Lie, R. de Crom, T. van Gent, R. van Haperen, L. Scheek, F. Sadeghi-Niaraki, and A. van Tol
Elevation of plasma phospholipid transfer protein increases the risk of atherosclerosis despite lower apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins
J. Lipid Res., May 1, 2004; 45(5): 805 - 811.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

M. C. de Beer, L. W. Castellani, L. Cai, A. J. Stromberg, F. C. de Beer, and D. R. van der Westhuyzen
ApoA-II modulates the association of HDL with class B scavenger receptors SR-BI and CD36
J. Lipid Res., April 1, 2004; 45(4): 706 - 715.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

J.-Y. Lee, L. Lanningham-Foster, E. Y. Boudyguina, T. L. Smith, E. R. Young, P. L. Colvin, M. J. Thomas, and J. S. Parks
Pre{beta} high density lipoprotein has two metabolic fates in human apolipoprotein A-I transgenic mice
J. Lipid Res., April 1, 2004; 45(4): 716 - 728.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

E. Favari, M. Lee, L. Calabresi, G. Franceschini, F. Zimetti, F. Bernini, and P. T. Kovanen
Depletion of Pre-{beta}-high Density Lipoprotein by Human Chymase Impairs ATP-binding Cassette Transporter A1- but Not Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I-mediated Lipid Efflux to High Density Lipoprotein
J. Biol. Chem., March 12, 2004; 279(11): 9930 - 9936.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

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Molecular physiology of reverse cholesterol transport