HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Mahley, R. W. Articles by Vakar, F. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Mahley, R. W. Articles by Vakar, F. Social Bookmarking                      What's this?

Journal of Lipid Research, Vol 36, 839-859, Copyright © 1995 by Lipid Research, Inc.

ARTICLES

Turkish Heart Study: lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins

RW Mahley, KE Palaoglu, Z Atak, J Dawson-Pepin, AM Langlois, V Cheung, H Onat, P Fulks, LL Mahley and F Vakar
Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco 94141-9100, USA.

We examined the plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and selected apolipoproteins in approximately 9,000 men and women from six different regions of Turkey with markedly different diets, ranging from an Aegean coast diet high in olive oil (plasma cholesteryl ester fatty acids enriched in monounsaturated fatty acids) to an inland Anatolian diet high in meat and dairy products (plasma cholesteryl esters enriched in saturated fatty acids). The rural population consuming an olive oil- rich diet had the lowest plasma cholesterol levels (men, 149 mg/dl; women, 150 mg/dl). The urban populations of Istanbul and Adana had higher plasma cholesterol levels (men, 202 and 184 mg/dl, respectively; women, 181 and 190 mg/dl, respectively). Affluent men had the highest cholesterol levels (207 mg/dl). The low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels tended to parallel the total cholesterol levels (highest for Istanbul men at 136 mg/dl and lowest for Aegean coast men and women at approximately 100 mg/dl). Strikingly, the Turkish people were found to have very low levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (HDL-C) (mean values for all six regions: men, 34-38 mg/dl; women, 37-45 mg/dl) and total cholesterol/HDL-C ratios that were high (mean values for all six regions: men, 4.5-5.5; women, 3.9-5.0). The low HDL-C levels appear to be caused, at least in part, by a genetic factor. Triglyceride levels also tended to be high in Turkish men (approximately 120-150 mg/dl) and women (approximately 90-110 mg/dl). Thus, even though the total plasma cholesterol levels are not excessively elevated in comparison to those in other populations, the presence of low HDL-C or low HDL-C coupled with mildly elevated triglyceride levels may represent a significant risk factor for heart disease in the Turkish population. Affluence and higher education were associated with higher cholesterol levels. Lack of physical activity, smoking, and alcohol consumption also tended to be associated with a detrimental lipid profile. Lipoprotein[a] levels were identical among the regions surveyed (mean: 11-15 mg/dl) and displayed the typical distribution with an increased number of individuals with low levels. The 90th percentile value for lipoprotein[a] was about 30 mg/dl for both men and women. Smoking, a major risk factor for heart disease, was very prevalent in the Turkish population, especially in men (50-70% smokers) and women in urban areas (30-40% smokers). Hypertension, defined as a systolic pressure > 140 or a diastolic pressure of > 90 occurred in approximately 17% and 26% of the men and women surveyed, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				G. Tacoy, A. S. Balcioglu, S. Akinci, G. Erdem, S. A. Kocaman, T. Timurkaynak, and A. Cengel Traditional Risk Factors Are Predictive on Segmental Localization of Coronary Artery Disease Angiology, August 1, 2008; 59(4): 402 - 407. [Abstract] [PDF]

				R. Yin, S. Pan, J. Wu, W. Lin, and D. Yang Apolipoprotein E Gene Polymorphism and Serum Lipid Levels in the Guangxi Hei Yi Zhuang and Han Populations Experimental Biology and Medicine, April 1, 2008; 233(4): 409 - 418. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				U. Hodoglugil, S. Tanyolac, D. W. Williamson, Y. Huang, and R. W. Mahley Apolipoprotein A-V: a potential modulator of plasma triglyceride levels in Turks J. Lipid Res., January 1, 2006; 47(1): 144 - 153. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. Yu, D. F. Wyszynski, D. M. Waterworth, S. D. Wilton, P. J. Barter, Y. A. Kesaniemi, R. W. Mahley, R. McPherson, G. Waeber, T. P. Bersot, et al. Multiple QTLs influencing triglyceride and HDL and total cholesterol levels identified in families with atherogenic dyslipidemia J. Lipid Res., October 1, 2005; 46(10): 2202 - 2213. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. C. R. Hopkins, Y. Huang, J. G. McGuire, and R. E. Pitas Evidence for differential effects of apoE3 and apoE4 on HDL metabolism J. Lipid Res., November 1, 2002; 43(11): 1881 - 1889. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. W. Mahley, P. Arslan, G. Pekcan, G. M. Pepin, A. Agacdiken, N. Karaagaoglu, N. Rakicioglu, B. Nursal, P. Dayanikli, K. E. Palaoglu, et al. Plasma lipids in Turkish children: impact of puberty, socioeconomic status, and nutrition on plasma cholesterol and HDL J. Lipid Res., December 1, 2001; 42(12): 1996 - 2006. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. A. Aguilar-Salinas, G. Olaiz, V. Valles, J. M. R. Torres, F. J. G. Perez, J. A. Rull, R. Rojas, A. Franco, and J. Sepulveda High prevalence of low HDL cholesterol concentrations and mixed hyperlipidemia in a Mexican nationwide survey J. Lipid Res., August 1, 2001; 42(8): 1298 - 1307. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Horvath, A. Savov, S. Kirov, E. Karshelova, I. Paskaleva, A. Goudev, and V. Ganev High frequency of the ApoB-100 R3500Q mutation in Bulgarian hypercholesterolaemic subjects J. Med. Genet., August 1, 2001; 38(8): 536 - 540. [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. Farsak, A. Yildirir, Y. Akyön, A. Pinar, M. Öç, E. Böke, and S. Kes Detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae and Helicobacter pylori DNA in Human Atherosclerotic Plaques by PCR J. Clin. Microbiol., December 1, 2000; 38(12): 4408 - 4411. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				R. Frikke-Schmidt, B. G. Nordestgaard, B. Agerholm-Larsen, P. Schnohr, and A. Tybjærg-Hansen Context-dependent and invariant associations between lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins and apolipoprotein E genotype J. Lipid Res., November 1, 2000; 41(11): 1812 - 1822. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				A. M. Gotto Jr Prognostic and Therapeutic Significance of Low Levels of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: Current Perspectives Arch Intern Med, May 24, 1999; 159(10): 1038 - 1040. [Full Text] [PDF]