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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol 37, 893-901, Copyright © 1996 by Lipid Research, Inc.
M Podda, C Weber, MG Traber and L Packer
A tissue-specific distribution of the various vitamin E forms, tocotrienols
and tocopherols, has been found, suggesting that these forms have unique
roles in cellular functions. A sensitive procedure is described for the
simultaneous determination of individual tocopherols, tocotrienols,
ubiquinols, and ubiquinones using gradient high pressure liquid
chromatography (HPLC) and electrochemical detection for vitamin E
homologues and ubiquinols, and in-line UV detection for ubiquinones. Using
this method, the lipophilic antioxidant complement of a variety of hairless
mouse tissues was analyzed. Of the vitamin E forms, brain contained
virtually only alpha-tocopherol (5.4 +/- 0.1 nmol/g; 99.8%) and no
detectable tocotrienols were found. By contrast, skin contained nearly 15%
tocotrienols and 1% gamma-tocopherol. In other tissues, the
alpha-tocopherol content was higher (20 nmol/g), while each of the other
forms represented about 1% of the total (gamma-tocopherol 0.2 to 0.4
nmol/g, alpha-tocotrienol 0.1, gamma-tocotrienol 0.2). Ubiquinol-9
concentrations were highest in kidney (81 nmol/g) and in liver (42 nmol/g),
while the highest ubiquinone-9 concentrations were found in kidney (301 +/-
123 nmol/g) and heart (244 +/- 22 nmol/g). Liver contained nearly identical
concentrations of each of the redox couple (ubiquinol-9 (41 +/- 16 nmol/g)
and ubiquinone-9 (46 +/- 18 nmol/g). The unique distribution of these
various antioxidants in the tissues measured suggests their distribution
may be dependent upon selective mechanisms for maintaining antioxidant
defenses in each tissue.
ARTICLES
Simultaneous determination of tissue tocopherols, tocotrienols, ubiquinols, and ubiquinones
Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720-3200, USA.
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