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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol 38, 1963-1972, Copyright © 1997 by Lipid Research, Inc.
T Raclot, R Groscolas, D Langin and P Ferre
Dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) limit abdominal fat
depot hypertrophy. This could be due to regulation of the expression of
proteins involved in adipose tissue metabolism. We investigated in vivo
whether fatty acid synthase (FAS), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL),
lipoprotein lipase (LPL), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK),
CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBP alpha), and leptin mRNA levels
are affected in retroperitoneal (RP) and subcutaneous adipose tissues (SC)
of rats fed n-3 PUFAs. For 4 weeks rats were fed high fat diets (20% fat)
containing n-3 PUFAs given as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA group),
docosahexaenoic acid (DHA group), a mixture of these two fatty acids (MIX
group), or native fish oil (FO group). A control group was fed with lard
plus olive oil (LOO group). Final mean fat cell weight in RP ranged
according to: LOO > or = EPA > or = DHA = FO = MIX. There was no
difference in fat cell size of SC when comparing the LOO and MIX groups.
The fatty acid compositions of RP and SC were similar and resemble that of
dietary fat within each experimental group. In RP and compared to the LOO
group, FAS, HSL, PEPCK, LPL, C/EBP alpha, and leptin mRNA levels decreased
although not significantly in the EPA group, and were 40-75% lower in the
DHA and MIX groups. mRNA levels were positively correlated to fat cell size
in RP. In contrast, n-3 PUFAs had no effect on gene expression in SC. We
conclude that n-3 PUFAs and mainly 22:6n-3 affect gene expression in a
site-dependent manner in white adipose tissues via possible antiadipogenic
effects.
ARTICLES
Site-specific regulation of gene expression by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in rat white adipose tissues
Centre d'Ecologie et Physiologie Engergetiques, CNRS associe a l'Universite Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, France.
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