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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol 38, 1730-1745, Copyright © 1997 by Lipid Research, Inc.
AJ Brown, SL Leong, RT Dean and W Jessup
7-Hydroperoxycholesterols (7OOHs) are intermediates in cholesterol
oxidation and potential cytotoxins. A normal-phase HPLC method with UV (205
nm) detection was developed that could resolve 7 alpha OOH, 7 beta OOH,
7-ketocholesterol (7K), and the epimeric 7-hydroxycholesterols (7OHs). 7OOH
formation was investigated when LDL was exposed to four different oxidizing
systems: Cu2+; Ham's F-10; mouse peritoneal macrophages in Ham's F-10; and
a metal-independent peroxyl-radical generating system (AAPH). With all four
oxidizing systems, 7OOH (both free and esterified, mostly as the
beta-isomer) was the major oxysterol formed at early times, with 7K
dominating at later stages (> or = 24 h) in Cu-oxLDL. When LDL was
oxidized in the presence of cells there was transfer of free oxysterols
from LDL to the cells. Negligible 7OOH, but significant amounts of 7OH,
accumulated in the cells suggesting efficient cellular reduction of 7OOH.
Lipid extracts from eight plaque samples obtained from patients undergoing
carotid endarterectomy were analyzed. Only trace amounts of 7OOH (<
0.02% of total cholesterol) could be detected using this normal-phase HPLC
method with UV detection or with a more sensitive reverse-phase method
utilizing chemiluminescence detection. 7K was the major 7-oxygenated sterol
detected, at least 20-fold in excess of that calculated for 7OOH, followed
by 7 beta OH and 7 alpha OH. The trace concentrations of 7OOH in plaque
indicate its lability in biological/cellular systems and may signify the
ability of cells in the artery wall to metabolize it further.
ARTICLES
7-Hydroperoxycholesterol and its products in oxidized low density lipoprotein and human atherosclerotic plaque
Cell Biology Unit, Heart Research Institute, Camperdown, N.S.W., Australia.
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