Apolipoprotein B-48 and retinyl palmitate are not equivalent markers of postprandial intestinal lipoproteins

Correspondence to: George Steiner.

This study compared retinyl palmitate and apolipoprotein (apo) B-48 as markers of postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Nine non-diabetic men received an oral vitamin A-containing fat load. We measured retinyl palmitate, apoB-48, apoB-100, and triglyceride levels in S_f > 400, S_f 60–400 and S_f 20–60 lipoproteins. The peak retinyl palmitate concentration was delayed compared to the peak apoB-48 concentration in each fraction. The discrepancy between retinyl palmitate and apoB-48 was further investigated in another study of 12 men. In that study, a fat load was given and 5 h later, lipolysis was stimulated in vivo with heparin (60 U/kg, i.v.) and the same parameters were followed. Thirty minutes after heparin, triglyceride levels decreased significantly in the three triglyceride-rich lipoprotein fractions (S_f > 400, S_f 60–400 and S_f 20–60). ApoB-48 levels also fell significantly in the three triglyceride-rich lipoprotein fractions. In contrast, retinyl palmitate concentrations did not change significantly in S_f > 400 and S_f 60–400 fractions and increased significantly in the S_f 20–60 fraction.

Our results indicate that retinyl palmitate and apolipoprotein B-48 do not mark the same properties of postprandial intestinal lipoproteins. The metabolic pattern of apolipoprotein B-48 parallels that of triglyceride. One possible explanation for these observations is that the apoB-48-containing triglyceride-rich lipoproteins are metabolically heterogeneous and that older particles, those in circulation for a longer period of time, may be cleared more rapidly than newer ones.—Lemieux, S., R. Fontani, K. D. Uffelman, G. F. Lewis, and G. Steiner. Apolipoprotein B-48 and retinyl palmitate are not equivalent markers of postprandial intestinal lipoproteins. J. Lipid Res. 1998. 39: 1964–1971.

Supplementary key words: postprandial lipoproteins, heparin, lipolysis stimulation

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