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Correspondence to:
Nada Abumrad.
In mammalian cells, membrane uptake of long-chain fatty acids is mediated by two separate components; a passive component that is a linear function of the concentration of free fatty acid in the extracellular medium and a saturable component that exhibits the characteristics of a protein-facilitated process. This review summarizes the body of work that has accumulated related to the mechanism of fatty acid transport. Evidence in support of a facilitated uptake process is presented with relation to the different cell types or membrane systems where it was collected. The evidence includes saturation kinetics, competition between different substrates, and sensitivity to a variety of inhibitors. Recent knowledge related to membrane proteins thought to be implicated in the uptake process is reviewed. Factors that may modulate uptake or alter the relative contribution of passive versus facilitated components are briefly discussed. These include the molar ratio of fatty acid to its physiological carrier, plasma albumin and the metabolic or hormonal milieu.—Abumrad, N., C. Harmon, and A. Ibrahimi. Membrane transport of long-chain fatty acids: evidence for a facilitated process. J. Lipid Res. 1998. 39: 2309–2318.
Copyright © 1998 by Lipid Research, Inc.
Review
Membrane transport of long-chain fatty acids: evidence for a facilitated process
Nada Abumrada,
Carroll Harmona, and
Azeddine Ibrahimia
a Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794
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 J. Pihlajamaki, L. Karjalainen, P. Karhapaa, I. Vauhkonen, and M. Laakso Impaired Free Fatty Acid Suppression During Hyperinsulinemia Is a Characteristic Finding in Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia, but Insulin Resistance Is Observed Only in Hypertriglyceridemic Patients Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, January 1, 2000; 20(1): 164 - 170. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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A. Ibrahimi, A. Bonen, W. D. Blinn, T. Hajri, X. Li, K. Zhong, R. Cameron, and N. A. Abumrad Muscle-specific Overexpression of FAT/CD36 Enhances Fatty Acid Oxidation by Contracting Muscle, Reduces Plasma Triglycerides and Fatty Acids, and Increases Plasma Glucose and Insulin J. Biol. Chem., September 17, 1999; 274(38): 26761 - 26766. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. Luchoomun and M. M. Hussain Assembly and Secretion of Chylomicrons by Differentiated Caco-2 Cells. NASCENT TRIGLYCERIDES AND PREFORMED PHOSPHOLIPIDS ARE PREFERENTIALLY USED FOR LIPOPROTEIN ASSEMBLY J. Biol. Chem., July 9, 1999; 274(28): 19565 - 19572. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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M. Febbraio, N. A. Abumrad, D. P. Hajjar, K. Sharma, W. Cheng, S. F. A. Pearce, and R. L. Silverstein A Null Mutation in Murine CD36 Reveals an Important Role in Fatty Acid and Lipoprotein Metabolism J. Biol. Chem., July 2, 1999; 274(27): 19055 - 19062. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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D. G. Deutsch, S. T. Glaser, J. M. Howell, J. S. Kunz, R. A. Puffenbarger, C. J. Hillard, and N. Abumrad The Cellular Uptake of Anandamide Is Coupled to Its Breakdown by Fatty-acid Amide Hydrolase J. Biol. Chem., March 2, 2001; 276(10): 6967 - 6973. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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C. T. Coburn, F. F. Knapp Jr., M. Febbraio, A. L. Beets, R. L. Silverstein, and N. A. Abumrad Defective Uptake and Utilization of Long Chain Fatty Acids in Muscle and Adipose Tissues of CD36 Knockout Mice J. Biol. Chem., October 13, 2000; 275(42): 32523 - 32529. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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B. A. Ek-von Mentzer, F. Zhang, and J. A. Hamilton Binding of 13-HODE and 15-HETE to Phospholipid Bilayers, Albumin, and Intracellular Fatty Acid Binding Proteins. IMPLICATIONS FOR TRANSMEMBRANE AND INTRACELLULAR TRANSPORT AND FOR PROTECTION FROM LIPID PEROXIDATION J. Biol. Chem., May 4, 2001; 276(19): 15575 - 15580. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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J. J. F. P. Luiken, Y. Arumugam, D. J. Dyck, R. C. Bell, M. M. L. Pelsers, L. P. Turcotte, N. N. Tandon, J. F. C. Glatz, and A. Bonen Increased Rates of Fatty Acid Uptake and Plasmalemmal Fatty Acid Transporters in Obese Zucker Rats J. Biol. Chem., October 26, 2001; 276(44): 40567 - 40573. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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N. J. Fargeman, P. N. Black, X. D. Zhao, J. Knudsen, and C. C. DiRusso The Acyl-CoA Synthetases Encoded within FAA1 and FAA4 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Function as Components of the Fatty Acid Transport System Linking Import, Activation, and Intracellular Utilization J. Biol. Chem., September 28, 2001; 276(40): 37051 - 37059. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
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E. Duplus, M. Glorian, and C. Forest Fatty Acid Regulation of Gene Transcription J. Biol. Chem., September 29, 2000; 275(40): 30749 - 30752. [Full Text] [PDF]
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