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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 40, 1867-1874, October 1999
Copyright © 1999 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Original Article

Blood compartmental metabolism of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in humans after ingestion of a single dose of [¹³C]DHA in phosphatidylcholine

Correspondence to: Michel Lagarde

The amount and distribution of [¹³C]docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in plasma, platelet, and erythrocyte lipid classes were followed as a function of time (1 to 72 h) in young adults after ingestion of a single dose of [¹³C]DHA esterified in a phosphatidylcholine (PC), in using gas chromatography combustion;–isotope ratio mass spectrometry. [¹³C]DHA first appeared in plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and triglycerides (TG), with a maximal appearance at 6 h and a further decline, then being delayed 3-fold compared to [¹³C]DHA ingested in triglycerides. Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) was also enriched in [¹³C]DHA, due mainly to earlier hepatic secretion, and plateaued at 6 h, whereas phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) containing [¹³C]DHA plateaued at 9 h. The labeling of erythrocyte and platelet phospholipids exhibited different kinetics, probably involving different metabolic pathways for [¹³C]DHA incorporation in cell membranes. Computation of the relative contribution of LPC and NEFA for delivery of [¹³C]DHA to blood cells showed that the supply to platelets occurred through NEFA. In contrast, [¹³C]DHA was carried by both LPC and NEFA to erythrocytes, which differs from what was previously been observed after intake of triglycerides labeled with [¹³C]DHA where LPC was the only source of [¹³C]DHA for erythrocytes.

We conclude that the lipid form of ingested DHA affects markedly its kinetics and partly its metabolic fate.—Lemaitre-Delaunay, D., C. Pachiaudi, M. Laville, J. Pousin, M. Armstrong, and M. Lagarde. Blood compartmental metabolism of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in humans after ingestion of a single dose of [¹³C]DHA in phosphatidylcholine. J. Lipid Res. 1999. 40: 1867;–1874.

Supplementary key words: docosahexaenoic acid, stable isotope, plasma, platelets, erythrocytes

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