J. Lipid Res. Neurobiology of Lipids (ISSN1683-5506)
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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 40, 2099-2110, November 1999
Copyright © 1999 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Original Article

Modulation of rat liver apolipoprotein gene expression and serum lipid levels by tetradecylthioacetic acid (TTA) via PPAR{alpha} activation

E. Raspéa, L. Madsenc, A-M. Lefebvrea, I. Leitersdorfa, L. Gelmana, J. Peinado-Onsurbed, J. Dallongevillea, J-C. Frucharta,b, R. Bergec, and B. Staelsa,b
a U325, INSERM, Département d'Athérosclérose/U325 INSERM, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59019 Lille, France
b Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Lille II, 59006 Lille, France
c Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Bergen, Haukeland Sykehus, N-5201 Bergen, Norway
d Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain

Correspondence to: B. Staels

3-Thia fatty acids are modified fatty acids that promote hepatic peroxisome proliferation and decrease serum triacylglycerol, cholesterol and free fatty acid levels in rats. In vivo administration of tetradecylthioacetic acid (TTA) to rats led to a significant decrease in liver apolipoproteins apoA-I, A-II, A-IV, and C-III mRNA levels, and to an increase of liver acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO), carnitine palmitoyltransferase-II, and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase (HMG-CoA synthase) mRNA levels and activities. By contrast, no significant changes of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mRNA levels were detected in rat epididymal adipose tissue. Liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I, apoB, apoE, and LDL receptor mRNA levels were not significantly affected. When tested in vitro, TTA increased rat ACO and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I mRNA levels in primary rat hepatocytes and also LPL mRNA levels in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. TTA also enhanced the transcriptional activity of chimeras containing the DNA binding domain of the yeast transcription factor Gal4 fused to the ligand binding domain of either human PPAR{alpha} or human PPAR{gamma}. The effect depended on the concentration tested and the cell type.

In conclusion, our data suggest that in vitro, TTA activates both PPAR{alpha} and PPAR{gamma}, but the latter with much lower affinity. TTA affects serum lipid levels in vivo in rats by acting mainly on the liver via PPAR{alpha} where it decreases the liver expression of genes involved in vascular lipid transport and increases the expression of genes involved in intracellular fatty acid metabolism.—Raspé, E., L. Madsen, A-M. Lefebvre, I. Leitersdorf, L. Gelman, J. Peinado-Onsurbe, J. Dallongeville, J-C. Fruchart, R. Berge, and B. Staels. Modulation of rat liver apolipoprotein gene expression and serum lipid levels by tetradecylthioacetic acid (TTA) via PPAR{alpha} activation. J. Lipid Res. 1999. 40: 2099;–2110.

Supplementary key words: lipoprotein lipase, gene expression, lipoprotein metabolism, 3-thia fatty acids, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors


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