HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Walsh, B. A. Articles by Rutledge, J. C. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Walsh, B. A. Articles by Rutledge, J. C. Social Bookmarking                      What's this?

The Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 40, 387-396, March 1999
Copyright © 1999 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Original Article

17ß-Estradiol reduces tumor necrosis factor--mediated LDL accumulation in the artery wall

Correspondence to: John C. Rutledge

Estrogens have direct effects on the vascular wall that may prevent the development of atherosclerosis. In particular, estrogens, such as 17ß-estradiol (estradiol), are known to have potent antioxidant activity. Tumor necrosis factor- (TNF) is found in human atheroma and produces oxygen-derived free radicals. These oxygen-derived free radicals may modify low density lipoproteins (LDL) and increase LDL binding in the artery wall. We asked: 1) does TNF increase LDL accumulation in the artery wall and 2) can the TNF-mediated increase in LDL accumulation be prevented by the antioxidant activity of estradiol? Carotid arteries from ovariectomized 3-month-old rats were removed and perfused with fluorescently labeled LDL and arterial LDL flux was measured using quantitative fluorescence microscopy. In six arteries, addition of TNF (10 ng/ml) to the perfusate resulted in a 2.3-fold increase in the rate of LDL accumulation (1.50 ± 0.37 ng/min per cm² vs. 3.38 ± 0.48 ng/min per cm²; P < 0.01). Estradiol (65 pg/ml) and -tocopherol (6 mg/L) both attenuated TNF-mediated LDL accumulation (P < 0.05), indicating that TNF may exert its effects on LDL accumulation through cellular production of oxygen-derived free radicals.

These results support an antioxidant role for estradiol in the protection against LDL accumulation in the artery wall and subsequent progression of atherosclerosis.—Walsh, B.A ., A. E. Mullick, R. L. Walzem, and J. C. Rutledge. 17ß-Estradiol reduces tumor necrosis factor--mediated LDL accumulation in the artery wall. J. Lipid Res. 1999. 40: 387–396.

Supplementary key words: lipoprotein flux, sex hormones, carotid arteries, antioxidants, atherosclerosis

CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				F. Huang, J. C. Thompson, P. G. Wilson, H. H. Aung, J. C. Rutledge, and L. R. Tannock Angiotensin II increases vascular proteoglycan content preceding and contributing to atherosclerosis development J. Lipid Res., March 1, 2008; 49(3): 521 - 530. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Benton, A. Powers, L. Eiselein, R. Fitch, D. Wilson, A. C. Villablanca, and J. C. Rutledge Hyperglycemia and loss of ovarian hormones mediate atheroma formation through endothelial layer disruption and increased permeability Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, February 1, 2007; 292(2): R723 - R730. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. E. Mullick, U. B. Zaid, C. N. Athanassious, S. R. Lentz, J. C. Rutledge, and J. D. Symons Hyperhomocysteinemia increases arterial permeability and stiffness in mice Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, November 1, 2006; 291(5): R1349 - R1354. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Tanigawa, S.-i. Miura, Y. Matsuo, M. Fujino, T. Sawamura, and K. Saku Dominant-Negative Lox-1 Blocks Homodimerization of Wild-Type Lox-1-Induced Cell Proliferation Through Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinase 1/2 Activation Hypertension, August 1, 2006; 48(2): 294 - 300. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. D. Symons, U. B. Zaid, C. N. Athanassious, A. E. Mullick, S. R. Lentz, and J. C. Rutledge Influence of Folate on Arterial Permeability and Stiffness in the Absence or Presence of Hyperhomocysteinemia Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., April 1, 2006; 26(4): 814 - 818. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. K. Dubey, B. Imthurn, M. Barton, and E. K. Jackson Vascular consequences of menopause and hormone therapy: Importance of timing of treatment and type of estrogen Cardiovasc Res, May 1, 2005; 66(2): 295 - 306. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. E. Mullick, R. J. Deckelbaum, I. J. Goldberg, M. Al-Haideri, and J. C. Rutledge Apolipoprotein E and Lipoprotein Lipase Increase Triglyceride-Rich Particle Binding but Decrease Particle Penetration in Arterial Wall Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., December 1, 2002; 22(12): 2080 - 2085. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. E. Mullick, J. M. McDonald, G. Melkonian, P. Talbot, K. E. Pinkerton, and J. C. Rutledge Reactive carbonyls from tobacco smoke increase arterial endothelial layer injury Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, August 1, 2002; 283(2): H591 - H597. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. D. Symons, A. E. Mullick, J. L. Ensunsa, A. A. Ma, and J. C. Rutledge Hyperhomocysteinemia Evoked by Folate Depletion: Effects on Coronary and Carotid Arterial Function Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., May 1, 2002; 22(5): 772 - 780. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. N. Han, L. S. Leka, A. H. Lichtenstein, L. M. Ausman, E. J. Schaefer, and S. N. Meydani Effect of hydrogenated and saturated, relative to polyunsaturated, fat on immune and inflammatory responses of adults with moderate hypercholesterolemia J. Lipid Res., March 1, 2002; 43(3): 445 - 452. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. E. Mullick, B. A. Walsh, K. M. Reiser, and J. C. Rutledge Chronic estradiol treatment attenuates stiffening, glycoxidation, and permeability in rat carotid arteries Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, November 1, 2001; 281(5): H2204 - H2210. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Ricciarelli, J.-M. Zingg, and A. Azzi Vitamin E Reduces the Uptake of Oxidized LDL by Inhibiting CD36 Scavenger Receptor Expression in Cultured Aortic Smooth Muscle Cells Circulation, July 4, 2000; 102(1): 82 - 87. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. A. Walsh, A. E. Mullick, C. E. Banka, and J. C. Rutledge 17{beta}-Estradiol acts separately on the LDL particle and artery wall to reduce LDL accumulation J. Lipid Res., January 1, 2000; 41(1): 134 - 141. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				T. de Frutos, L. S. de Miguel, M. Garcia-Duran, F. Gonzalez-Fernandez, J. A. Rodriguez-Feo, M. Monton, J. Guerra, J. Farre, S. Casado, and A. Lopez-Farre NO from smooth muscle cells decreases NOS expression in endothelial cells: role of TNF-alpha Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, October 1, 1999; 277(4): H1317 - H1325. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]