Original Article

13-(S)-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) incorporation and conversion to novel products by endothelial cells

Correspondence to: Arthur A. Spector

13(S)-Hydroxy-[12,13-³H]octadecadienoic acid (13-HODE), a linoleic acid oxidation product that has vasoactive properties, was rapidly taken up by bovine aortic endothelial cells. Most of the 13-HODE was incorporated into phosphatidylcholine, and 80% was present in the sn -2 position. The amount of 13-HODE retained in the cells gradually decreased, and radiolabeled metabolites with shorter reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography retention times (RT) than 13-HODE accumulated in the extracellular fluid. The three major metabolites were identified by gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry as 11-hydroxyhexadecadienoic acid (11-OH-16:2), 9-hydroxytetradecadienoic acid (9-OH-14:2), and 7-hydroxydodecadienoic acid (7-OH-12:2). Most of the radioactivity contained in the cell lipids remained as 13-HODE. However, some 11-OH-16:2 and several unidentified products with longer RT than 13-HODE were detected in the cell lipids. Normal human skin fibroblasts also converted 13-HODE to the three major chain-shortened metabolites, but Zellweger syndrome fibroblasts produced only a very small amount of 11-OH-16:2. Therefore, the chain-shortened products probably are formed primarily by peroxisomal ß-oxidation.

These findings suggest that peroxisomal ß-oxidation may constitute a mechanism for the inactivation and removal of 13-HODE from the vascular wall. Because this is a gradual process, some 13-HODE that is initially incorporated remains in endothelial phospholipids, especially phosphatidylcholine. This may be the cause of some of the functional perturbations produced by 13-HODE in the vascular wall.—Fang, X., T. L. Kaduce, and A. A. Spector. 13-(S)-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE) incorporation and conversion to novel products by endothelial cells. J. Lipid Res. 1999. 40: 699–707.

Supplementary key words: linoleic acid, peroxisomes, phosphatidylcholine, fibroblasts, Zellweger syndrome, lipoxygenase, oxidation

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