HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Hudgins, L. C. Articles by Hirsch, J. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Hudgins, L. C. Articles by Hirsch, J. Social Bookmarking                      What's this?

Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 41, 595-604, April 2000
Copyright © 2000 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Original Article

Relationship between carbohydrate-induced hypertriglyceridemia and fatty acid synthesis in lean and obese subjects

Correspondence to: Lisa C. Hudgins

We previously reported that a eucaloric, low fat, liquid formula diet enriched in simple carbohydrate markedly increased the synthesis of fatty acids in lean volunteers. To examine the diet sensitivity of obese subjects, 7 obese and 12 lean volunteers were given two eucaloric low fat solid food diets enriched in simple sugars for 2 weeks each in a random-order, cross-over design (10% fat, 75% carbohydrate vs. 30% fat, 55% carbohydrate, ratio of sugar to starch 60:40). The fatty acid compositions of both diets were matched to the composition of each subject's adipose tissue and fatty acid synthesis measured by the method of linoleate dilution in plasma VLDL triglyceride. In all subjects, the maximum % de novo synthesized fatty acids in VLDL triglyceride 3;–9 h after the last meal was higher on the 10% versus the 30% fat diet. There was no significant difference between the dietary effects on lean (43 ± 13 vs. 12 ± 13%) and obese (37 ± 15 vs. 6 ± 6%) subjects, despite 2-fold elevated levels of insulin and reduced glucagon levels in the obese. Similar results were obtained for de novo palmitate synthesis in VLDL triglyceride measured by mass isotopomer distribution analysis after infusion of [¹³C]acetate. On the 10% fat diet, plasma triglycerides (fasting and 24 h) were increased and correlated with fatty acid synthesis. Triglycerides were higher when fatty acid synthesis was constantly elevated rather than having diurnal variation.

Thus, eucaloric, solid food diets which are very low in fat and high in simple sugars markedly stimulate fatty acid synthesis from carbohydrate, and plasma triglycerides increase in proportion to the amount of fatty acid synthesis. However, this dietary effect is not related to body mass index, insulin, or glucagon levels.—Hudgins, L. C., M. K. Hellerstein, C. E. Seidman, R. A. Neese, J. D. Tremaroli, and J. Hirsch. Relationship between carbohydrate-induced hypertriglyceridemia and fatty acid synthesis in lean and obese subjects. J. Lipid Res. 2000. 41: 595;–604.

Supplementary key words: triglycerides, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, VLDL, lipogenesis

CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				J. A. Menendez, A. Vazquez-Martin, F. J. Ortega, and J. M. Fernandez-Real Fatty Acid Synthase: Association with Insulin Resistance, Type 2 Diabetes, and Cancer Clin. Chem., March 1, 2009; 55(3): 425 - 438. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G Ferns, V Keti, and B Griffin Investigation and management of hypertriglyceridaemia J. Clin. Pathol., November 1, 2008; 61(11): 1174 - 1183. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. E. Smith, K. L. Tucker, N. Yiannakouris, B. Garcia-Bailo, J. Mattei, C.-Q. Lai, L. D. Parnell, and J. M. Ordovas Perilipin Polymorphism Interacts with Dietary Carbohydrates to Modulate Anthropometric Traits in Hispanics of Caribbean Origin J. Nutr., October 1, 2008; 138(10): 1852 - 1858. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. J. Parks, L. E. Skokan, M. T. Timlin, and C. S. Dingfelder Dietary Sugars Stimulate Fatty Acid Synthesis in Adults J. Nutr., June 1, 2008; 138(6): 1039 - 1046. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. F-F Chong, L. Hodson, A. S Bickerton, R. Roberts, M. Neville, F. Karpe, K. N Frayn, and B. A Fielding Parallel activation of de novo lipogenesis and stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity after 3 d of high-carbohydrate feeding Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, April 1, 2008; 87(4): 817 - 823. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. Velasquez-Mieyer, C. P. Neira, R. Nieto, and P. A. Cowan Review: Obesity and cardiometabolic syndrome in children Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease, October 1, 2007; 1(1): 61 - 81. [Abstract] [PDF]

				A. M Zivkovic, J B. German, and A. J Sanyal Comparative review of diets for the metabolic syndrome: implications for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, August 1, 2007; 86(2): 285 - 300. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Morral, H. J. Edenberg, S. R. Witting, J. Altomonte, T. Chu, and M. Brown Effects of glucose metabolism on the regulation of genes of fatty acid synthesis and triglyceride secretion in the liver J. Lipid Res., July 1, 2007; 48(7): 1499 - 1510. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. F-F Chong, B. A Fielding, and K. N Frayn Mechanisms for the acute effect of fructose on postprandial lipemia Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2007; 85(6): 1511 - 1520. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Vedala, W. Wang, R. A. Neese, M. P. Christiansen, and M. K. Hellerstein Delayed secretory pathway contributions to VLDL-triglycerides from plasma NEFA, diet, and de novo lipogenesis in humans J. Lipid Res., November 1, 2006; 47(11): 2562 - 2574. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. J. Parks and M. K. Hellerstein Thematic review series: Patient-Oriented Research. Recent advances in liver triacylglycerol and fatty acid metabolism using stable isotope labeling techniques J. Lipid Res., August 1, 2006; 47(8): 1651 - 1660. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. A. Vogt, K. B. Ishii-Schrade, P. B. Pencharz, P. J. H. Jones, and T. M. S. Wolever L-Rhamnose and Lactulose Decrease Serum Triacylglycerols and Their Rates of Synthesis, but Do Not Affect Serum Cholesterol Concentrations in Men J. Nutr., August 1, 2006; 136(8): 2160 - 2166. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. D. Hall Computational model of in vivo human energy metabolism during semistarvation and refeeding Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, July 1, 2006; 291(1): E23 - E37. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Veiraiah Hyperglycemia, Lipoprotein Glycation, and Vascular Disease Angiology, July 1, 2005; 56(4): 431 - 438. [Abstract] [PDF]

				D. Faeh, K. Minehira, J.-M. Schwarz, R. Periasamy, S. Park, and L. Tappy Effect of Fructose Overfeeding and Fish Oil Administration on Hepatic De Novo Lipogenesis and Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Men Diabetes, July 1, 2005; 54(7): 1907 - 1913. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. T Timlin and E. J Parks Temporal pattern of de novo lipogenesis in the postprandial state in healthy men Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2005; 81(1): 35 - 42. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Achten, S. L. Halson, L. Moseley, M. P. Rayson, A. Casey, and A. E. Jeukendrup Higher dietary carbohydrate content during intensified running training results in better maintenance of performance and mood state J Appl Physiol, April 1, 2004; 96(4): 1331 - 1340. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Strawford, F. Antelo, M. Christiansen, and M. K. Hellerstein Adipose tissue triglyceride turnover, de novo lipogenesis, and cell proliferation in humans measured with 2H2O Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, April 1, 2004; 286(4): E577 - E588. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. K Fried and S. P Rao Sugars, hypertriglyceridemia, and cardiovascular disease Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2003; 78(4): 873S - 880. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. C. Hudgins, T. S. Parker, D. M. Levine, B. R. Gordon, S. D. Saal, X.-c. Jiang, C. E. Seidman, J. D. Tremaroli, J. Lai, and A. L. Rubin A single intravenous dose of endotoxin rapidly alters serum lipoproteins and lipid transfer proteins in normal volunteers J. Lipid Res., August 1, 2003; 44(8): 1489 - 1498. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				F. Diraison, V. Yankah, D. Letexier, E. Dusserre, P. Jones, and M. Beylot Differences in the regulation of adipose tissue and liver lipogenesis by carbohydrates in humans J. Lipid Res., April 1, 2003; 44(4): 846 - 853. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				B. Mittendorfer, B. W. Patterson, S. Klein, and L. S. Sidossis VLDL-triglyceride kinetics during hyperglycemia-hyperinsulinemia: effects of sex and obesity Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, April 1, 2003; 284(4): E708 - E715. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J.-M. Schwarz, P. Linfoot, D. Dare, and K. Aghajanian Hepatic de novo lipogenesis in normoinsulinemic and hyperinsulinemic subjects consuming high-fat, low-carbohydrate and low-fat, high-carbohydrate isoenergetic diets Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2003; 77(1): 43 - 50. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. L. Sunehag, G. Toffolo, M. S. Treuth, N. F. Butte, C. Cobelli, D. M. Bier, and M. W. Haymond Effects of Dietary Macronutrient Content on Glucose Metabolism in Children J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., November 1, 2002; 87(11): 5168 - 5178. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Dallongeville, A. Harbis, P. Lebel, C. Defoort, D. Lairon, J.-C. Fruchart, and M. Romon The Plasma and Lipoprotein Triglyceride Postprandial Response to a Carbohydrate Tolerance Test Differs in Lean and Massively Obese Normolipidemic Women J. Nutr., August 1, 2002; 132(8): 2161 - 2166. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. J. Davies, D. J. Baer, J. T. Judd, E. D. Brown, W. S. Campbell, and P. R. Taylor Effects of Moderate Alcohol Intake on Fasting Insulin and Glucose Concentrations and Insulin Sensitivity in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial JAMA, May 15, 2002; 287(19): 2559 - 2562. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Chan, S. F. Knutsen, G. G. Blix, J. W. Lee, and G. E. Fraser Water, Other Fluids, and Fatal Coronary Heart Disease: The Adventist Health Study Am. J. Epidemiol., May 1, 2002; 155(9): 827 - 833. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. J. Parks Effect of Dietary Carbohydrate on Triglyceride Metabolism in Humans J. Nutr., October 1, 2001; 131(10): 2772S - 2774. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. P. van Wijk, M. C. Cabezas, C. J. Halkes, and D W. Erkelens Effects of different nutrient intakes on daytime triacylglycerolemia in healthy, normolipemic, free-living men Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, August 1, 2001; 74(2): 171 - 178. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. C. Hudgins Effect of High-Carbohydrate Feeding on Triglyceride and Saturated Fatty Acid Synthesis Experimental Biology and Medicine, December 1, 2000; 225(3): 178 - 183. [Abstract] [Full Text]

				R. J. Deckelbaum, R. A. Johnson, and T. S. Worgall Unsaturated Fatty Acids Inhibit Sterol Regulatory Element-Dependent Gene Expression: A Potential Mechanism Contributing to Hypertriglyceridemia in Fat-Restricted Diets Experimental Biology and Medicine, December 1, 2000; 225(3): 184 - 186. [Full Text]

				R. H. Knopp, B. Retzlaff, C. Walden, B. Fish, B. Buck, and B. McCann One-Year Effects of Increasingly Fat-Restricted, Carbohydrate-Enriched Diets on Lipoprotein Levels in Free-Living Subjects Experimental Biology and Medicine, December 1, 2000; 225(3): 191 - 199. [Abstract] [Full Text]