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Correspondence to:
H. F. J. Hendriks, To whom correspondence should be addressed., hendriks{at}voeding.tno.nl (E-mail)
Alcohol consumption is associated with increased HDL cholesterol levels, which may indicate stimulated reverse cholesterol transport. The mechanism is, however, not known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of alcohol consumption on the first two steps of the reverse cholesterol pathway: cellular cholesterol efflux and plasma cholesterol esterification. Eleven healthy middle-aged men consumed four glasses (40 g of alcohol) of red wine, beer, spirits (Dutch gin), or carbonated mineral water (control) daily with evening dinner, for 3 weeks, according to a 4 x 4 Latin square design. After 3 weeks of alcohol consumption the plasma ex vivo cholesterol efflux capacity, measured with Fu5AH cells, was raised by 6.2% (P < 0.0001) and did not differ between the alcoholic beverages. Plasma cholesterol esterification was increased by 10.8% after alcohol (P = 0.008). Changes were statistically significant after beer and spirits, but not after red wine consumption (P = 0.16). HDL lipids changed after alcohol consumption; HDL total cholesterol, HDL cholesteryl ester, HDL free cholesterol, HDL phospholipids and plasma apolipoprotein A-I all increased (P < 0.01).
In conclusion, alcohol consumption stimulates cellular cholesterol efflux and its esterification in plasma. These effects were mostly independent of the kind of alcoholic beverage. — van der Gaag, M. S., A. van Tol, S. H. F. Vermunt, L. M. Scheek, G. Schaafsma, and H. F. J. Hendriks. Alcohol consumption stimulates early steps in reverse cholesterol transport. J. Lipid Res. 2001. 42: 2077–2083.
Supplementary key words:
beer, cholesterol efflux, cholesterol esterification, human, spirits, wine
Copyright © 2001 by Lipid Research, Inc.
Alcohol consumption stimulates early steps in reverse cholesterol transport
M. S. van der Gaaga,
A. van Tolb,
S. H. F. Vermunta,
L. M. Scheekb,
G. Schaafsmac, and
H. F. J. Hendriksa
a TNO Nutrition and Food Research, Department of Nutritional Physiology, P.O. Box 360, 3700 AJ Zeist, The Netherlands
b Department of Biochemistry, Cardiovascular Research Institute COEUR, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
c Department of Human Nutrition and Epidemiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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