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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 42, 834-843, May 2001
Copyright © 2001 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Original Article

17ß-Estradiol but not the phytoestrogen naringenin attenuates aortic cholesterol accumulation in WHHL rabbits

Alicja Mortensena, Vibeke Breinholta, Tórur Dalsgaardb, Henrik Frandsena, Søren T. Lauridsena, Jennie Laigaardb, Bent Ottesenb, and Jens-Jørgen Larsena
a Danish Veterinary and Food Administration, Institute of Food Safety and Toxicology, DK-2860 Søborg, Denmark
b Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hvidovre Hospital, DK-2650 Hvidovre, Denmark

Correspondence to: Alicja Mortensen, To whom correspondence should be addressed., alm{at}fdir.dk (E-mail)

The effects of 17b-estradiol (17b-E2) or the phytoestrogen naringenin on spontaneous atherosclerosis were studied in 36 ovariectomized homozygous Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits receiving a semisynthetic control diet; this diet added 0.0040% 17b-E2; or 0.20% naringenin, for 16 weeks. The uterine weight was increased (P < 0.001) and the concentration of estrogen receptor {alpha} was decreased (P < 0.001) in the 17b-E2 group compared with the controls. Total plasma cholesterol and triglycerides were not different from those in the controls. In lipoproteins, HDL cholesterol was increased (P < 0.01), and LDL triglyceride and IDL triglyceride were lowered (P < 0.05). The oxidation (as concentration of malondialdehyde) was increased in LDL (P < 0.05) but not in plasma. The cholesterol accumulation was decreased (P < 0.05) in the ascending aorta and in the total aorta but the ratio of intima to media and area of intima in ascending, thoracic, and abdominal aorta were not significantly different. In the naringenin group the only differences, compared with the control group, were increased HDL cholesterol (P < 0.001) and decreased activity of glutathione reductase (P < 0.05).

In conclusion, 17b-E2, but not naringenin, attenuated aortic cholesterol accumulation independently of plasma and LDL cholesterol. Further, these results support previously suggested pro-oxidant ability of 17b-E2 toward LDL and a possible connection between the pro-oxidant nature of 17b-E2 and its antiatherogenic effect. — Mortensen, A., V. Breinholt, T. Dalsgaard, H. Frandsen, S. T. Lauridsen, J. Laigaard, B. Ottesen, and J-J. Larsen. 17b-Estradiol but not the phytoestrogen naringenin attenuates aortic cholesterol accumulation in WHHL rabbits. J. Lipid Res. 2001. 42: 834;–843.

Supplementary key words: hormone, lipids, atherosclerosis


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