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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 43, 2-12, January 2002
Copyright © 2002 by Lipid Research, Inc.
BAREing it all: the adoption of LXR and FXR and their roles in lipid homeostasis
Peter A. Edwardsa,b,
Heidi R. Kasta, and
Andrew M. Anisfelda
a Departments of Biological Chemistry and Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
b Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
Correspondence to:
Peter A. Edwards, at Department of Biological Chemistry, CHS 33-257, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1769., pedwards{at}mednet.ucla.edu (E-mail)
During the last three years there have been a plethora of publications on the liver X-activated receptors (LXR , NR1H3, and LXRß, NR1H2), the farnesoid X-activated receptor (FXR, NR1H4), and the pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR1I2) and the role these nuclear receptors play in controlling cholesterol, bile acid, lipoprotein and drug metabolism. The current interest in these nuclear receptors is high, in part, because they appear to be promising therapeutic targets for new drugs that have the potential to control lipid homeostasis.
In this review we emphasize i) the role of LXR in controlling many aspects of cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism, ii) the expanded role of FXR in regulating genes that control not only bile acid metabolism but also lipoprotein metabolism, and iii) the regulation of bile acid transport/metabolism in response to bile acid-activated PXR. Edwards, P. A., H. R. Kast, and A. M. Anisfeld. BAREing it all: the adoption of LXR and FXR and their roles in lipid homeostasis. J. Lipid Res. 2002. 43: 212.
Supplementary key words:
bile acids, oxysterols, Tangier disease, sitosterolemia, ABC transporters, lipoproteins, farnesoid X-activated receptor, liver X-activated receptor, pregnane X receptor

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G. Cao, Y. Liang, C. L. Broderick, B. A. Oldham, T. P. Beyer, R. J. Schmidt, Y. Zhang, K. R. Stayrook, C. Suen, K. A. Otto, et al.
Antidiabetic Action of a Liver X Receptor Agonist Mediated By Inhibition of Hepatic Gluconeogenesis
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S. Jabara, L. K. Christenson, C. Y. Wang, J. M. McAllister, N. B. Javitt, A. Dunaif, and J. F. Strauss III
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P. A. Mak, H. R. Kast-Woelbern, A. M. Anisfeld, and P. A. Edwards
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G. E. O. Muscat, B. L. Wagner, J. Hou, R. K. Tangirala, E. D. Bischoff, P. Rohde, M. Petrowski, J. Li, G. Shao, G. Macondray, et al.
Regulation of Cholesterol Homeostasis and Lipid Metabolism in Skeletal Muscle by Liver X Receptors
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L. Wang, G. U. Schuster, K. Hultenby, Q. Zhang, S. Andersson, and J.-A. Gustafsson
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[Abstract]
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G. Cao, T. P. Beyer, X. P. Yang, R. J. Schmidt, Y. Zhang, W. R. Bensch, R. F. Kauffman, H. Gao, T. P. Ryan, Y. Liang, et al.
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T. Plosch, T. Kok, V. W. Bloks, M. J. Smit, R. Havinga, G. Chimini, A. K. Groen, and F. Kuipers
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A. Grefhorst, B. M. Elzinga, P. J. Voshol, T. Plosch, T. Kok, V. W. Bloks, F. H. van der Sluijs, L. M. Havekes, J. A. Romijn, H. J. Verkade, et al.
Stimulation of Lipogenesis by Pharmacological Activation of the Liver X Receptor Leads to Production of Large, Triglyceride-rich Very Low Density Lipoprotein Particles
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R. K. Tangirala, E. D. Bischoff, S. B. Joseph, B. L. Wagner, R. Walczak, B. A. Laffitte, C. L. Daige, D. Thomas, R. A. Heyman, D. J. Mangelsdorf, et al.
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G. U. Schuster, P. Parini, L. Wang, S. Alberti, K. R. Steffensen, G. K. Hansson, B. Angelin, and J.-A. Gustafsson
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P. A. Mak, B. A. Laffitte, C. Desrumaux, S. B. Joseph, L. K. Curtiss, D. J. Mangelsdorf, P. Tontonoz, and P. A. Edwards
Regulated Expression of the Apolipoprotein E/C-I/C-IV/C-II Gene Cluster in Murine and Human Macrophages. A CRITICAL ROLE FOR NUCLEAR LIVER X RECEPTORS alpha AND beta
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S. E. Ross, R. L. Erickson, I. Gerin, P. M. DeRose, L. Bajnok, K. A. Longo, D. E. Misek, R. Kuick, S. M. Hanash, K. B. Atkins, et al.
Microarray Analyses during Adipogenesis: Understanding the Effects of Wnt Signaling on Adipogenesis and the Roles of Liver X Receptor {alpha} in Adipocyte Metabolism
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J. M. Mariadason, D. Arango, G. A. Corner, M. J. Aranes, K. A. Hotchkiss, W. Yang, and L. H. Augenlicht
A Gene Expression Profile That Defines Colon Cell Maturation in Vitro
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[Abstract]
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B. Goodwin and S. A. Kliewer
Nuclear Receptors: I. Nuclear receptors and bile acid homeostasis
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol,
June 1, 2002;
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Copyright © 2002 by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
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