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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 43, 1969-1977, November 2002
Copyright © 2002 by Lipid Research, Inc.

ApoC-III content of apoB-containing lipoproteins is associated with binding to the vascular proteoglycan biglycan

Katherine Olin-Lewis^*, Ronald M. Krauss, Michael La Belle, Patricia J. Blanche, P. Hugh R. Barrett^**, Thomas N. Wight^1, and Alan Chait^2,*

^* Departments of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
Donner Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA
^** Department of Medicine, University of Western Australia and the Western Australia Institute for Medical Research, Perth 6847, Australia

² To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: achait{at}u.washington.edu

Retention of apolipoprotein (apo)B and apoE-containing lipoproteins by extracellular vascular proteoglycans is critical in atherogenesis. Moreover, high circulating apoC-III levels are associated with increased atherosclerosis risk. To test whether apoC-III content of apoB-containing lipoproteins affects their ability to bind to the vascular proteoglycan biglycan, we evaluated the impact of apoC-III on the interaction of [³⁵S]SO₄-biglycan derived from cultured arterial smooth muscle cells with lipoproteins obtained from individuals across a spectrum of lipid concentrations. The extent of biglycan binding correlated positively with apoC-III levels within VLDL (r = 0.78, P < 0.01), IDL (r = 0.67, P < 0.01), and LDL (r = 0.52, P < 0.05). Moreover, the biglycan binding of VLDL, IDL, and LDL was reduced after depletion of apoC-III-containing lipoprotein particles in plasma by anti-apoC-III immunoaffinity chromatography. Since apoC-III does not bind biglycan directly, enhanced biglycan binding may result from a conformational change associated with increased apo C-III content by which apoB and/or apoE become more accessible to proteoglycans. This may be an intrinsic property of lipoproteins, since exogenous apoC-III enrichment of LDL and VLDL did not increase binding.

ApoC-III content may thus be a marker for lipoproteins characterized as having an increased ability to bind proteoglycans.

Supplementary key words apolipoprotein C-III • very low density lipoproteins • intermediate density lipoproteins • low density lipoproteins • atherosclerosis • charge density

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