| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 43, 2037-2041, December 2002
Copyright © 2002 by Lipid Research, Inc.
Rapid Communication |
* Departments of Biological Chemistry and Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: pedwards{at}mednet.ucla.edu
ABSTRACT
Affymetrix microarray data and Northern blot assays demonstrated that phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) was induced 6-fold when either murine or human macrophages were incubated in the presence of ligands for the liver X receptor (LXR) and the retinoid X receptor. Two functional LXR response elements (LXREs) were identified and characterized in the proximal promoter of the human PLTP gene. One LXRE corresponds to a traditional direct repeat separated by 4 bp. However, the second LXRE is novel in that it corresponds to an inverted repeat separated by 1 bp, and is identical to the farnesoid X receptor response element. These studies demonstrate that PLTP is a direct target for activated LXR and farnesoid X receptor (FXR). In addition, apolipoprotein E (apoE), a known LXR target gene in macrophages, was shown to be activated in liver cells by FXR ligands.
Taken together, the current data suggest that a small number of genes that currently include PLTP, apoE, and apoC-II, are induced in macrophages by activated LXR and in liver by activated FXR.
Abbreviations: apo, apolipoprotein; CDCA, chenodeoxycholic acid; EMSA, electrophoretic mobility shift assay; FXR, farnesoid X receptor; FXRE, FXR response element; GW, GW4064, a synthetic FXR agonist; LG, LG100153, a synthetic RXR agonist; LXR, liver X receptor; LXRE, LXR response element; RXR, retinoid X receptor
Supplementary key words macrophages • foam cells • hepatocytes • phospholipid transfer protein • liver X receptor • retinoid X receptor
CiteULike 
Complore 
Connotea 
Del.icio.us 
Digg 
Reddit 
Technorati What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  J. F. Oram, G. Wolfbauer, C. Tang, W. S. Davidson, and J. J. Albers An Amphipathic Helical Region of the N-terminal Barrel of Phospholipid Transfer Protein Is Critical for ABCA1-dependent Cholesterol Efflux J. Biol. Chem., April 25, 2008; 283(17): 11541 - 11549. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. J Delvecchio and J. P Capone Protein kinase C {alpha} modulates liver X receptor {alpha} transactivation J. Endocrinol., April 1, 2008; 197(1): 121 - 130. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 C. J. Delvecchio, P. Bilan, K. Radford, J. Stephen, B. L. Trigatti, G. Cox, K. Parameswaran, and J. P. Capone Liver X Receptor Stimulates Cholesterol Efflux and Inhibits Expression of Proinflammatory Mediators in Human Airway Smooth Muscle Cells Mol. Endocrinol., June 1, 2007; 21(6): 1324 - 1334. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. D. Moore, S. Kato, W. Xie, D. J. Mangelsdorf, D. R. Schmidt, R. Xiao, and S. A. Kliewer International Union of Pharmacology. LXII. The NR1H and NR1I Receptors: Constitutive Androstane Receptor, Pregnene X Receptor, Farnesoid X Receptor {alpha}, Farnesoid X Receptor beta, Liver X Receptor {alpha}, Liver X Receptor beta, and Vitamin D Receptor Pharmacol. Rev., December 1, 2006; 58(4): 742 - 759. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. M. Shih, H. R. Kast-Woelbern, J. Wong, Y.-R. Xia, P. A. Edwards, and A. J. Lusis A role for FXR and human FGF-19 in the repression of paraoxonase-1 gene expression by bile acids J. Lipid Res., February 1, 2006; 47(2): 384 - 392. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Lee, Y. Zhang, F. Y. Lee, S. F. Nelson, F. J. Gonzalez, and P. A. Edwards FXR regulates organic solute transporters {alpha} and {alpha} in the adrenal gland, kidney, and intestine J. Lipid Res., January 1, 2006; 47(1): 201 - 214. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
F. Y. Lee, H. R. Kast-Woelbern, J. Chang, G. Luo, S. A. Jones, M. C. Fishbein, and P. A. Edwards {alpha}-Crystallin Is a Target Gene of the Farnesoid X-activated Receptor in Human Livers J. Biol. Chem., September 9, 2005; 280(36): 31792 - 31800. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. R. Stayrook, K. S. Bramlett, R. S. Savkur, J. Ficorilli, T. Cook, M. E. Christe, L. F. Michael, and T. P. Burris Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism by the Farnesoid X Receptor Endocrinology, March 1, 2005; 146(3): 984 - 991. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. S. Savkur, J. S. Thomas, K. S. Bramlett, Y. Gao, L. F. Michael, and T. P. Burris Ligand-Dependent Coactivation of the Human Bile Acid Receptor FXR by the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor {gamma} Coactivator-1{alpha} J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., January 1, 2005; 312(1): 170 - 178. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. C. Li and C. K. Glass PPAR- and LXR-dependent pathways controlling lipid metabolism and the development of atherosclerosis J. Lipid Res., December 1, 2004; 45(12): 2161 - 2173. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y. Liang, X.-C. Jiang, R. Liu, G. Liang, T. P. Beyer, H. Gao, T. P. Ryan, S. Dan Li, P. I. Eacho, and G. Cao Liver X Receptors (LXRs) Regulate Apolipoprotein AIV-Implications of the Antiatherosclerotic Effect of LXR Agonists Mol. Endocrinol., August 1, 2004; 18(8): 2000 - 2010. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
W. Khovidhunkit, M.-S. Kim, R. A. Memon, J. K. Shigenaga, A. H. Moser, K. R. Feingold, and C. Grunfeld Thematic review series: The Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis. Effects of infection and inflammation on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism mechanisms and consequences to the host J. Lipid Res., July 1, 2004; 45(7): 1169 - 1196. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
T. P. Beyer, R. J. Schmidt, P. Foxworthy, Y. Zhang, J. Dai, W. R. Bensch, R. F. Kauffman, H. Gao, T. P. Ryan, X.-C. Jiang, et al. Coadministration of a Liver X Receptor Agonist and a Peroxisome Proliferator Activator Receptor-{alpha} Agonist in Mice: Effects of Nuclear Receptor Interplay on High-Density Lipoprotein and Triglyceride Metabolism in Vivo J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., June 1, 2004; 309(3): 861 - 868. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. Duran-Sandoval, G. Mautino, G. Martin, F. Percevault, O. Barbier, J.-C. Fruchart, F. Kuipers, and B. Staels Glucose Regulates the Expression of the Farnesoid X Receptor in Liver Diabetes, April 1, 2004; 53(4): 890 - 898. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J.-L. Lew, A. Zhao, J. Yu, L. Huang, N. de Pedro, F. Pelaez, S. D. Wright, and J. Cui The Farnesoid X Receptor Controls Gene Expression in a Ligand- and Promoter-selective Fashion J. Biol. Chem., March 5, 2004; 279(10): 8856 - 8861. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Ricote, A. F. Valledor, and C. K. Glass Decoding Transcriptional Programs Regulated by PPARs and LXRs in the Macrophage: Effects on Lipid Homeostasis, Inflammation, and Atherosclerosis Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., February 1, 2004; 24(2): 230 - 239. [Abstract] [Full Text]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. F. Oram, G. Wolfbauer, A. M. Vaughan, C. Tang, and J. J. Albers Phospholipid Transfer Protein Interacts with and Stabilizes ATP-binding Cassette Transporter A1 and Enhances Cholesterol Efflux from Cells J. Biol. Chem., December 26, 2003; 278(52): 52379 - 52385. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
X.-C. Jiang, T. P. Beyer, Z. Li, J. Liu, W. Quan, R. J. Schmidt, Y. Zhang, W. R. Bensch, P. I. Eacho, and G. Cao Enlargement of High Density Lipoprotein in Mice via Liver X Receptor Activation Requires Apolipoprotein E and Is Abolished by Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Expression J. Biol. Chem., December 5, 2003; 278(49): 49072 - 49078. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. M. Anisfeld, H. R. Kast-Woelbern, M. E. Meyer, S. A. Jones, Y. Zhang, K. J. Williams, T. Willson, and P. A. Edwards Syndecan-1 Expression Is Regulated in an Isoform-specific Manner by the Farnesoid-X Receptor J. Biol. Chem., May 23, 2003; 278(22): 20420 - 20428. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. A. Laffitte, L. C. Chao, J. Li, R. Walczak, S. Hummasti, S. B. Joseph, A. Castrillo, D. C. Wilpitz, D. J. Mangelsdorf, J. L. Collins, et al. Activation of liver X receptor improves glucose tolerance through coordinate regulation of glucose metabolism in liver and adipose tissue PNAS, April 29, 2003; 100(9): 5419 - 5424. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
L. M. Anderson, S. E. Choe, R. Y. Yukhananov, R. L. Hopfner, G. M. Church, R. E. Pratt, and V. J. Dzau Identification of a Novel Set of Genes Regulated by a Unique Liver X Receptor-alpha -mediated Transcription Mechanism J. Biol. Chem., April 18, 2003; 278(17): 15252 - 15260. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| All ASBMB Journals | Journal of Biological Chemistry |
| Molecular and Cellular Proteomics | ASBMB Today |
