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J. Lipid Res.
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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1194/jlr.M200242-JLR200 on September 1, 2002

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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 43, 2049-2055, December 2002
Copyright © 2002 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Lysophosphatidic acid, a growth factor-like lipid, in the saliva

Takayuki Sugiura1,*, Shinji Nakane2,*, Seishi Kishimoto*, Keizo Waku*, Yasuko Yoshioka{dagger} and Akira Tokumura{dagger}

* Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, Sagamiko, Kanagawa 199-0195, Japan
{dagger} Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: sugiurat{at}pharm.teikyo-u.ac.jp

Lysophosphatidic acid is a multifunctional phospholipid mediator and elicits a variety of biological responses in vitro and in vivo. Evidence is accumulating that lysophosphatidic acid plays important physiological roles in diverse mammalian tissues and cells. In the present study, we first examined whether lysophosphatidic acid is present in human saliva. We found that a significant amount of lysophosphatidic acid is present in the saliva (0.785 nmol/ml). The predominant fatty acyl moiety of lysophosphatidic acid was 18:1n-9 + n-7 followed by 18:0 and 16:0. A small amount of lysoplasmanic acid, an alkyl ether-linked analog of lysophosphatidic acid, was also detected in the saliva (0.104 nmol/ml). We found that physiologically relevant concentrations of lysophosphatidic acid induced accelerated growth of cells of mouth, pharynx, and esophagus origin in vitro. Lysophosphatidic acid also induced rapid increases in the intracellular free Ca2+ concentrations in these cells. We obtained evidence that lysophosphatidic acid receptor mRNAs are actually present in these cells.

These results strongly suggest that lysophosphatidic acid is involved in wound healing in the upper digestive organs such as the mouth, pharynx, and esophagus.

Abbreviations: FAB, fast atom bombardment; GC, gas chromatography; LPA, monoradyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate (lysophosphatidic acid, lysoplasmanic acid); MS, mass spectrometry; RT, reverse transcription; TMS, trimethylsilyl. Fatty acids are designated in terms of the number of carbon atoms: number of double bonds, e.g., 16:0 for palmitic acid

Supplementary key words lysophosphatidic acid • growth factor • molecular species • mouth • esophagus • pharynx • tissue injury • carcinoma • saliva


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