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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 43, 365-374, March 2002
Copyright © 2002 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Properties of triglyceride-rich and cholesterol-rich lipoproteins in the remnant-like particle fraction of human blood plasma

Correspondence to: Richard J. Havel, To whom correspondence should be addressed., havelr{at}itsa.ucsf.edu (E-mail)

An immunoassay procedure that quantifies remnant-like particle (RLP) cholesterol in human blood plasma has shown considerable promise as a clinically applicable risk marker for atherosclerotic disease. The lipoproteins included in this assay include not only certain TG-rich lipoproteins [all particles containing apolipoprotein B-48 (apoB-48) and a fraction of those containing apoB-100] but also a very small proportion of plasma cholesterol-rich lipoproteins. The TG-rich lipoprotein component of RLP has been partially characterized, but relatively little is known about the component cholesterol-rich lipoproteins. We have further characterized the properties of the TG-rich component that is included in RLP in which about 25% of the particles contain apoB-48 and the remainder apoB-100. We show that the cholesterol-rich component is comprised mainly of ß-migrating LDLs that contain predominantly apoB-100. ApoE found in the LDL fraction of RLP resides on pre-ß lipoproteins that lack apoA-I as well as apoB. The TG-rich component of RLP is responsible for increased RLP-cholesterol concentrations associated with hypertriglyceridemia. By contrast, the cholesterol-rich component is a major contributor to plasma RLP-cholesterol in individuals with low plasma TG.

Our results suggest that particle heterogeneity in the RLP fraction is likely to affect the ability of RLP-cholesterol concentration to predict atherosclerotic risk. RLP-cholesterol concentrations in individuals with low plasma TG may not have the same clinical significance as they do in those with hypertriglyceridemia. — Campos, E., L. Kotite, P. Blanche, Y. Mitsugi, P. H. Frost, U. Masharani, R. M. Krauss, and R. J. Havel. Properties of triglyceride-rich and cholesterol-rich lipoproteins in the remnant-like particle fraction of human blood plasma. J. Lipid Res. 2002. 43: 365–374.

Supplementary key words: apolipoproteins, lipoprotein heterogeneity, lipoprotein phenotypes, chromatography, immunoaffinity, diabetes mellitus

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