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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 43, 979-985, June 2002
Copyright © 2002 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Dietary long-chain n-3 PUFAs increase LPL gene expression in adipose tissue of subjects with an atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype

Syrah Khan^*, Anne-Marie Minihane, Philippa J. Talmud, John W. Wright^*, Margaret C. Murphy^**, Christine M. Williams and Bruce A. Griffin^1,*

^* School of Biomedical & Life Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
School of Food Biosciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
Centre of Cardiovascular Genetics, University College London, London, United Kingdom
^** European Institute of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: b.griffin{at}surrey.ac.uk

We sought to test the hypothesis that dietary long-chain n-3 PUFA (LC n-3 PUFA) in fish oil stimulate the gene expression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in human adipose tissue (AT). In a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study, 51 male subjects expressing an atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype (ALP) had their diets supplemented with fish oil for 6 weeks. As we previously reported for this group, supplementation with LC n-3 PUFA produced a decrease in fasting plasma triglyceride (TG) (-35%, P < 0.05), attenuation of the postprandial TG response (area and incremental area under the curve; AUC and IAUC, P < 0.05), and a decrease in small, dense LDL. The present study extended these observations by showing that these changes were accompanied by a marked increase in the concentration of LPL mRNA in adipose tissue (AT-LPL mRNA, +55%, P = 0.003) and post-heparin LPL activity (PH-LPL, +31%, P = 0.036). There was also evidence of an association between LPL gene expression and polymorphism in the apolipoprotein E gene.

We conclude that the favorable influence of dietary n-3 PUFA on the ALP may be mediated, in part, through an increase in the plasma activity and gene expression of lipoprotein lipase in human adipose tissue.

Abbreviations: ALP, atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype; AT, adipose tissue; AUC, area under curve; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; IAUC, incremental area under the curve; LC, long-chain; PH-LPL, post-heparin lipoprotein lipase; TG, triglycerides

Supplementary key words polyunsaturated fatty acids • lipoprotein lipase gene • fish oil

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