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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 43, 1312-1319, August 2002
Copyright © 2002 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Anti-obesity effect of dietary diacylglycerol in C57BL/6J mice

Takatoshi Murase, Masafumi Aoki, Takuya Wakisaka, Tadashi Hase and Ichiro Tokimitsu¹

Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikai-machi, Haga-gun, Tochigi 321-3497, Japan

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: tokimitsu.ichirou{at}kao.co.jp

We examined the long-term effects of dietary diacylglycerol (DG) and triacylglycerol (TG) with similar fatty acid compositions on the development of obesity in C57BL/6J mice. We also analyzed the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism at an early stage of obesity development in these mice. Compared with mice fed the high-TG diet, mice fed the high-DG diet accumulated significantly less body fat during the 8-month study period. Within the first 10 days, dietary DG stimulated ß-oxidation and lipid metabolism-related gene expression, including acyl-CoA oxidase, medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and uncoupling protein-2 in the small intestine but not in the liver, skeletal muscle, or brown adipose tissue, suggesting the predominant contribution of intestinal lipid metabolism to the effects of DG. Furthermore, analysis of digestion products of [¹⁴C]DG and those of [¹⁴C]TG revealed that the radioactivity levels detected in fatty acid, 1-monoacylglycerol, and 1,3-DG in intestinal mucosa were significantly higher after intrajejunal injection of DG rather than TG.

Thus, dietary DG reduces body weight gain that accompanies the stimulation of intestinal lipid metabolism, and these effects may be related to the characteristic metabolism of DG in the small intestine.

Abbreviations: ACO, acyl-CoA oxidase; DG, diacylglycerol; L-FABP, liver-fatty acid binding protein; MCAD, medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor; TG, triacylglycerol; UCP, uncoupling protein

Supplementary key words triacylglycerol • small intestine • ß-oxidation • obesity

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