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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 44, 388-398, February 2003
Copyright © 2003 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Down-regulation of acyl-CoA oxidase gene expression and increased NF-B activity in etomoxir-induced cardiac hypertrophy

Àgatha Cabrero, Manuel Merlos, Juan C. Laguna and Manuel Vázquez Carrera¹

Unitat de Farmacologia, Departament de Farmacologia i Química Terapeùtica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: mvaz{at}farmacia.far.ub.es

Activation of nuclear factor-B (NF-B) is required for hypertrophic growth of cardiomyocytes. Etomoxir is an irreversible inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT-I) that activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and induces cardiac hypertrophy through an unknown mechanism. We studied the mRNA expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation in the heart of mice treated for 1 or 10 days with etomoxir (100 mg/kg/day). Etomoxir administration for 1 day significantly increased (4.4-fold induction) the mRNA expression of acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO), which catalyzes the rate-limiting step in peroxisomal ß-oxidation. In contrast, etomoxir treatment for 10 days dramatically decreased ACO mRNA levels by 96%. The reduction in ACO expression in the hearts of 10-day etomoxir-treated mice was accompanied by an increase in the mRNA expression of the antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase and the cardiac marker of oxidative stress bax. Moreover, the activity of the redox-regulated transcription factor NF-B was increased in heart after 10 days of etomoxir treatment.

Overall, the findings here presented show that etomoxir treatment may induce cardiac hypertrophy via increased cellular oxidative stress and NF-B activation.

Abbreviations: ACO, acyl-CoA oxidase; COUP-TF II, chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor II; CTE, cytosolic acyl-CoA thioesterase; GPX, glutathione peroxidase; MCAD, medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase; M-CPT-I, muscle-type carnitine palmitoyl-transferase; NF-B, nuclear factor B; PGC-1, PPAR coactivator 1; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; PPRE, peroxisome proliferator response element; RXR, retinoid X receptor; UCP-3, uncoupling protein 3

Supplementary key words nuclear factor B • oxidative stress • PPAR • heart

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