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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 44, 727-732, April 2003
Copyright © 2003 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Dietary sodium chloride restriction enhances aortic wall lipid storage and raises plasma lipid concentration in LDL receptor knockout mice

Sérgio Catanozi^*, Jussara C. Rocha^*, Marisa Passarelli^*, Maria L. Guzzo, Cleiton Alves^**, Luzia N. S. Furukawa, Valéria S. Nunes^*, Edna R. Nakandakare^*, Joel C. Heimann and Eder C. R. Quintão^1,*

^* Lipids Laboratory (LIM 10), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
Experimental Hypertension Laboratory (LIM 16), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
Departments of Rheumatology (LIM 17), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
^** Dermatology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: lipideq{at}usp.br

This study aimed at measuring the influence of a low salt diet on the development of experimental atherosclerosis in moderately hyperlipidemic mice. Experiments were carried out on LDL receptor (LDLR) knockout (KO) mice, or apolipoprotein E (apoE) KO mice on a low sodium chloride diet (LSD) as compared with a normal salt diet (NSD). On LSD, the rise of the plasma concentrations of TG and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) was, respectively, 19% and 34% in LDLR KO mice, and 21% and 35% in apoE KO mice, and that of plasma cholesterol was limited to the LDLR KO group alone (15%). Probably due to the apoE KO severe hypercholesterolemia, the arterial inner-wall fat storage was not influenced by the diet salt content and was far more abundant in the apoE KO than in the LDLR KO mice. However, in the less severe hypercholesterolemia of the LDLR KO mice, lipid deposits on the LSD were greater than on the NSD. Arterial fat storage correlated with NEFA concentrations in the LDLR KO mice alone (n = 14, P = 0.0065).

Thus, dietary sodium chloride restriction enhances aortic wall lipid storage in moderately hyperlipidemic mice.

Abbreviations: KO, knockout; LDLR, low density lipoprotein receptor; LP, lipoprotein; LSD, low sodium chloride diet; NSD, normal sodium chloride diet; TC, total cholesterol; U_KV, urinary potassium; U_NaV, urinary sodium

Supplementary key words salt restriction • triacylglycerol • hypertriglyceridemia • hyperlipidemia • atherosclerosis

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