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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1194/jlr.M200318-JLR200 on February 1, 2003

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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 44, 893-901, May 2003
Copyright © 2003 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Effects of dietary fat type and energy restriction on adipose tissue fatty acid composition and leptin production in rats

Geoffrey R. Hynes*, Jode Heshka*, Kris Chadee{dagger} and Peter J. Jones1,*

* School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, MacDonald Campus, 21,111 Lakeshore Rd., Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
{dagger} Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, MacDonald Campus, 21,111 Lakeshore Rd., Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: jonesp{at}macdonald.mcgill.ca

To investigate whether dietary fatty acid (FA) composition and energy restriction (ER) interactively influence obese (ob) gene expression, rats consumed diets containing beef tallow, safflower, or fish oil ad libitum (AL) or at 60% AL intake. Circulating leptin concentrations were higher (P < 0.0001) after AL feeding, but were not influenced by dietary fat. ER decreased (P < 0.0001) weight gain and visceral adipose weight, which were positively correlated (r = 0.40 P < 0.001, r = 0.58 P < 0.0001) with circulating leptin levels. Visceral adipose ob mRNA levels were greater in animals fed unsaturated fats, particularly safflower oil, which had the highest ob mRNA levels. Circulating leptin levels did not parallel ob mRNA levels, except for the greater abundance detected in AL adipose in comparison to ER animals. In addition, visceral FA profiles reflected dietary fat source and were influenced by an interaction of dietary fat and energy. These data demonstrate that dietary fat, particularly from a plant or marine source, and ER interactively influence ob mRNA levels; however, alterations in ob mRNA do not confer changes in circulating leptin, with the exception of ER, which is a key determinant.

Thus, dietary intake is an important regulator of leptin production; however, the significance of these modest changes in diet-induced obese animals requires further study.

Supplementary key words gene regulation • obese gene • beef tallow • safflower oil • fish oil • visceral adipose


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