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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 44, 1256-1262, June 2003
Copyright © 2003 by Lipid Research, Inc.

Measurement of fasting serum apoB-48 levels in normolipidemic and hyperlipidemic subjects by ELISA¹

Naohiko Sakai^2,3,*, Yoshiaki Uchida^2,, Koji Ohashi^*, Toshiyuki Hibuse^*, Yasuhiko Saika^*, Yoshiaki Tomari^*, Shinji Kihara^*, Hisatoyo Hiraoka^*, Tadashi Nakamura^*, Satoru Ito^4,, Shizuya Yamashita^* and Yuji Matsuzawa^*

^* Department of Internal Medicine and Molecular Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, B5, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
Diagnostic Research Laboratories, Fujirebio, Inc., 51 Komiya-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0031, Japan

³ To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: naosakai{at}imed2.med.osaka-u.ac.jp

The present study was designed to evaluate the metabolism of chylomicron and chylomicron remnants by measuring serum apolipoprotein B-48 (apoB-48) levels in 335 normolipidemic and 253 hyperlipidemic subjects using a novel ELISA system. The distribution of fasting serum apoB-48 levels in normolipidemic subjects varied widely, ranging from <1 to >24 µg/ml (mean, 5.2 ± 3.8 µg/ml; median, 3.9 µg/ml). Serum apoB-48 levels correlated with serum triglyceride (TG) concentrations (r = 0.45, P < 0.001), but not with total cholesterol levels. Serum apoB-48 levels were 7 to 18 times higher in patients with Type I, Type V, and Type III hyperlipidemia, and only slightly higher in patients with Type IIa, Type IIb, and Type IV hyperlipidemia, compared with normolipidemic subjects. The calculated apoB-48/TG ratio was elevated only in patients with dysbetalipoproteinemia (apoE2/2 phenotype). In normolipidemic subjects, oral fat loading resulted in about 2-fold increase in serum apoB-48 levels, with a peak level recorded at 3–4 h postloading, and then returned to the baseline level within 6 h. On the other hand, in patients with dysbetalipoproteinemia, serum apoB-48 levels did not change considerably.

Our results indicate that serum apoB-48 is a very useful parameter for evaluating lipoprotein metabolism in exogenous pathways.

Abbreviations: CHD, coronary heart disease; CV, coefficient of variation; LPL, lipoprotein lipase; RLP, remnant-like particle; RP, retinyl palmitate; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; TRL, TG-rich lipoprotein

Supplementary key words apolipoprotein B-48 • atherosclerosis chylomicron dysbetalipoproteinemia • enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay • monoclonal antibody • postprandial hyperlipidemia • remnant

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