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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 44, 1470-1480, August 2003
Copyright © 2003 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
* Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, British Columbia Children's and Women's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Xenon Genetics, Inc., Vancouver, BC, Canada
Molecular Medicine Program, Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
** Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Institut Pasteur, Lille, France
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: mrh{at}cmmt.ubc.ca
ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) is a widely expressed lipid transporter essential for the generation of HDL. ABCA1 is particularly abundant in the liver, suggesting that the liver may play a major role in HDL homeostasis. To determine how hepatic ABCA1 affects plasma HDL cholesterol levels, we treated mice with an adenovirus (Ad)-expressing human ABCA1 under the control of the cytomegalovirus promoter. Treated mice showed a dose-dependent increase in hepatic ABCA1 protein, ranging from 1.2-fold to 8.3-fold using doses from 5 x 108 to 1.5 x 109 pfu, with maximal expression observed on Day 3 posttreatment. A selective increase in HDL cholesterol occurred at Day 3 in mice treated with 5 x 108 pfu Ad-ABCA1, but higher doses did not further elevate HDL cholesterol levels. In contrast, total cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, non-HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B levels all increased in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that excessive overexpression of hepatic ABCA1 in the absence of its normal regulatory sequences altered total lipid homeostasis. At comparable expression levels, bacterial artificial chromosome transgenic mice, which express ABCA1 under the control of its endogenous regulatory sequences, showed a greater and more specific increase in HDL cholesterol than Ad-ABCA1-treated mice.
Our results suggest that appropriate regulation of ABCA1 is critical for a selective increase in HDL cholesterol levels.
Supplementary key words ATP binding cassette transporter A1 • HDL cholesterol • adenovirus • bacterial artificial chromosome transgenic • hepatocytes • regulation
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