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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 44, 1523-1529, August 2003
Copyright © 2003 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Plasma distribution of apoA-IV in patients with coronary artery disease and healthy controls

Benjie Ezeh^*,, Marina Haiman^*, Hannes F. Alber, Birgit Kunz^*, Bernhard Paulweber, Arno Lingenhel^*, Hans-Georg Kraft^*, Franz Weidinger, Otmar Pachinger, Hans Dieplinger^* and Florian Kronenberg^1,*,**

^* Institute of Medical Biology and Human Genetics, University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstr. 41, A-6020, Innsbruck, Austria
Innsbruck University Hospital, Department of Cardiology, Innsbruck, Austria
Department of Internal Medicine, Landeskrankenhaus, Salzburg, Austria
^** GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Institute of Epidemiology, Neuherberg, Germany
Vitateq Biotechnology GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: florian.kronenberg{at}uibk.ac.at

Recent studies showed lower apolipoprotein A-IV (apoA-IV) plasma concentrations in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The actual distribution of the antiatherogenic apoA-IV in human plasma, however, is discussed controversially and it was never investigated in CAD patients. We therefore developed a gentle technique to separate the various apoA-IV-containing plasma fractions. Using a combination of precipitation of all lipoproteins with 40% phosphotungstic acid and 4 M MgCl2, as well as immunoprecipitation of all apoA-I-containing particles with an anti-apoA-I antibody, we obtained three fractions of apoA-IV: lipid-free apoA-IV (about 4% of total apoA-IV), apoA-IV associated with apoA-I (LpA-I:A-IV, 12%), and apoA-I-unbound but lipoprotein-containing apoA-IV (LpA-IV, 84%). We compared these three apoA-IV fractions between 52 patients with a history of CAD and 52 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Patients had significantly lower apoA-IV levels when compared to controls (10.28 ± 3.67 mg/dl vs. 11.85 ± 2.82 mg/dl, P = 0.029), but no major differences for the three plasma apoA-IV fractions. We conclude that our gentle separation method reveals a different distribution of apoA-IV than in many earlier studies. No major differences exist in the apoA-IV plasma distribution pattern between CAD patients and controls.

Therefore, the antiatherogenic effect of apoA-IV has to be explained by other functional properties of apoA-IV (e.g., the antioxidative characteristics).

Abbreviations: CAD, coronary artery disease

Supplementary key words apolipoprotein A-IV • lipoprotein A-I:pA-IV • LpA-IV • lipid-free apoA-IV • antiatherogenic

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