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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 44, 1705-1712, September 2003
Copyright © 2003 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

PLTP activity decreases with weight loss

Susan J. Murdoch^1,*, Steven E. Kahn^*,, John J. Albers^*,, John D. Brunzell^* and Jonathan Q. Purnell^**

^* Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
Veterans Administration Puget Sound Health Care System, 1660 South Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108
Northwest Lipid Research Laboratories, University of Washington, 2121 N. 35th Street, Seattle, WA 98103
^** Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 S.W. Sam Jackson Park Rd., Portland, OR 97239-3098

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: smurdoch{at}u.washington.edu

Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) activity is elevated in obese and diabetic subjects. No prospective studies have examined the effect of weight loss on PLTP activity and assessed whether the resultant changes in activity are related to changes in body weight, insulin resistance, or both. PLTP activity was measured at baseline in 46 subjects (body mass index = 19–64 kg/m²) and after diet-induced weight loss in 19 of the obese subjects. Total body fat mass (FM) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, intraabdominal fat (IAF), and abdominal subcutaneous fat (SQF) by CT scan, insulin sensitivity (S_I) by frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test, leptin, and lipids were determined. At baseline, PLTP activity correlated with FM (r = 0.36, P = 0.02) and SQF (r = 0.31, P = 0.045), but not with IAF (r = 0.16, P = 0.32) or S_I (r = 0.10, P = 0.52). With diet-induced weight loss (16 ± 7.3 kg), PLTP activity significantly decreased 9.1% (P = 0.002). The change in PLTP activity correlated with the change in SQF (r = 0.55, P = 0.014) (33.6% decrease), but not with IAF (r = 0.09, P = 0.73) or S_I (r = 0.18, P = 0.44), and was highly correlated with the change in nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) (r = 0.71, P < 0.001).

In conclusion, elevated PLTP activity in obese subjects is likely a result of increased body fat, reflected by SQF, and is influenced by NEFAs but is not directly related to insulin resistance.

Abbreviations: FM, total body fat mass; HL, hepatic lipase; IAF, intraabdominal fat; LPL, lipoprotein lipase; PLTP, phospholipid transfer protein; S_I, insulin sensitivity; SQF, subcutaneous fat

Supplementary key words intraabdominal fat • obesity • diabetes • leptin • phospholipid transfer protein • free fatty acid

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