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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 45, 1806-1812, October 2004
Copyright © 2004 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Atherosclerosis in perlecan heterozygous mice

Reeba K. Vikramadithyan^*, Yuko Kako^*, Guangping Chen^*, Yunying Hu^*, Eri Arikawa-Hirasawa, Yoshihiko Yamada and Ira J. Goldberg^1,*

^* Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Bethesda, MD 20892-4370

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: ijg3{at}columbia.edu

The hypothesis that lipoprotein association with perlecan is atherogenic was tested by studying atherosclerosis in mice that had a heterozygous deletion of perlecan, the primary extracellular heparan sulfate proteoglycan in arteries. We first studied the expression of perlecan in mouse lesions and noted that this proteoglycan in aorta was found in the subendothelial matrix. Perlecan was also a major component of the lesional extracellular matrix. Mice with a heterozygous deletion had a reduction in arterial wall perlecan expression. Atherosclerosis in these mice was studied after crossing the defect into the apolipoprotein E (apoE) and LDL receptor knockout backgrounds. At 12 weeks, chow-fed apoE null mice with a heterozygous deletion had less atherosclerosis. However, at 24 weeks and in the LDL receptor heterozygous background, the presence of a perlecan knockout allele did not significantly alter lesion size.

Thus, it appears that loss of perlecan leads to less atherosclerosis in early lesions. Although this might be attributable to a decrease in lipoprotein retention, it should be noted that perlecan might mediate multiple other processes that could, in sum, accelerate atherosclerosis.

Supplementary key words heparan • low density lipoprotein receptor • apolipoprotein E • proteoglycans • lipoproteins

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