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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 45, 1846-1851, October 2004
Copyright © 2004 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Decreased membrane fluidity and altered susceptibility to peroxidation and lipid composition in overweight and obese female erythrocytes

Roberta Cazzola^1,*, Mariangela Rondanelli, Samantha Russo-Volpe^*, Ettore Ferrari and Benvenuto Cestaro^*

^* Department of Preclinical Sciences "LITA Vialba,", University of Milan via G. B. Grassi, 74-20157 Milan, Italy
Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapy, School of Endocrinology and Metabolism and Chair of Geriatrics, "Istituto Santa Margherita," University of Pavia, Piazza Borromeo, 5-27100 Pavia, Italy

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: roberta.cazzola{at}unimi.it

The increased generation of reactive oxygen species that occurs in the condition of obesity may be responsible for oxidative injury to erythrocyte membranes, which could lead to a decrease in tissue oxygenation. Therefore, we have looked into the effects of obesity on both indexes of oxidative damage and physical-chemical properties of erythrocyte membranes in 50 overweight or obese [25 < body mass index (BMI) < 33], normotensive, nondiabetic women and 50 age-matched lean healthy women (BMI < 25). In the obese group compared with the lean group, we found that a) the onset of free radical-induced erythrocyte hemolysis and the ratio between reduced and oxidized glutathione were reduced, whereas the rate of free radical-induced damage increased; b) the n-3 fatty acid and the phospholipid contents decreased; c) the ratio between cholesterol and phospholipids increased; and d) the membrane fluidity decreased.

These findings suggest an impairment of erythrocyte membrane physical-chemical properties in overweight and obese people as a consequence of oxidative injury that might be part of a pathogenetic mechanism responsible for obesity-related pathologies such as atherosclerosis and hypertension.

Supplementary key words fluorescence anisotropy • oxidative stress • essential fatty acids • membrane cholesterol

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