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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 45, 2303-2309, December 2004
Copyright © 2004 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Active and low-active forms of serum phospholipid transfer protein in a normal Finnish population sample

Minna T. Jänis^*, Sarah Siggins^*, Esa Tahvanainen^*, Riikka Vikstedt^*, Kaisa Silander^*, Jari Metso^*, Arpo Aromaa, Marja-Riitta Taskinen, Vesa M. Olkkonen^*, Matti Jauhiainen^* and Christian Ehnholm^1,*

^* Department of Molecular Medicine, National Public Health Institute, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Health and Functional Capacity, National Public Health Institute, Biomedicum, Helsinki, Finland
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: christian.ehnholm{at}ktl.fi

Human serum phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) exists as a catalytically active (HA-PLTP) and a low-active (LA-PLTP) form. In this study, the association of PLTP activity and the concentrations of both forms with lipid and carbohydrate parameters were investigated. In a random Finnish population sample, serum PLTP concentration (n = 250) was 6.56 ± 1.45 mg/l, the mean lipoprotein-independent (PLTP_exo) phospholipid transfer activity was 6.59 ± 1.66 µmol/ml/h, and the mean lipoprotein-dependent (PLTP_endo) activity was 1.37 ± 0.29 µmol/ml/h. Of the serum PLTP concentration, 46% was in a catalytically active form. HA-PLTP concentration correlated positively with serum PLTP_exo activity (r = 0.380, P < 0.001), HDL cholesterol (r = 0.291, P < 0.001), and apolipoprotein A-I (r = 0.187, P < 0.01). Of the potential regulatory factors for PLTP, apolipoprotein E showed a weak positive correlation with serum PLTP_exo (r = 0.154, P < 0.05) and PLTP_endo (r = 0.192, P < 0.01) activity but not with PLTP concentration. Weak associations were also observed between PLTP parameters and determinants of glucose homeostasis (glucose, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance).

The present data on PLTP activity and concentration reveal novel connections of the two PLTP forms to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism.

Abbreviations: apoB, apolipoprotein B; BMI, body mass index; CRP, C-reactive protein; CV, coefficient of variation; HA, high-active form; HDL-C, HDL-cholesterol; HOMA IR, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance; LA, low-active form; LDL-C, LDL-cholesterol; PLTP, phospholipid transfer protein; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio

Supplementary key words apolipoproteins • lipid transfer proteins • enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

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