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Papers In Press, published online ahead of print June 1, 2004
J. Lipid Res., doi:10.1194/jlr.M300395-JLR200

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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 45, 1069-1076, June 2004
Copyright © 2004 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Study of agreement between LDL size as measured by nuclear magnetic resonance and gradient gel electrophoresis

D. R. Witte^1,*, M. R. Taskinen, H. Perttunen-Nio, A. van Tol, S. Livingstone^* and H. M. Colhoun^*

^* EURODIAB, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Royal Free and University College London Medical School, London, United Kingdom
Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Biochemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: d.witte{at}ucl.ac.uk

LDL particle size can be measured by gradient gel electrophoresis (GGE) and NMR. The agreement between the two methods has not been extensively evaluated. Therefore, we measured LDL size by NMR and GGE in 324 individuals (152 with type 1 diabetes and 172 controls). The Spearman correlation between both methods was 0.39 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.29, 0.48]. The average difference was 5.38 nm (NMR being smaller), but it increased with increasing LDL size. Less than 50% of people classified as pattern B on GGE were classified as pattern B on NMR ( = 0.31; 95% CI = 0.17, 0.45). Agreement was lower for diabetic subjects compared with controls, for women compared with men, and for subjects with triglycerides less than 1.30 mmol/l compared with subjects with triglycerides greater than 1.30 mmol/l. External validation showed that cholesteryl ester transfer rate was related to LDL size on GGE in all subgroups and to LDL size on NMR only in men and nondiabetic subjects.

Our findings show that agreement between NMR- and GGE-based LDL size is far from perfect and is not consistent across subgroups of patients. In particular, the two methods should not be assumed to be interchangeable in women and diabetic subjects. Whether NMR or GGE predicts cardiovascular disease risk better has not yet been evaluated.

Abbreviations: CET, cholesteryl ester transfer rate; CETP, cholesteryl ester transfer protein; GGE, gradient gel electrophoresis

Supplementary key words low density lipoprotein particle size • low density lipoprotein subspecies • method comparison

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