J. Lipid Res. Neurobiology of Lipids (ISSN1683-5506)
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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1194/jlr.M500389-JLR200 on September 22, 2005

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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 46, 2752-2760, December 2005
Copyright © 2005 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Altered lipoprotein subclass distribution and PAF-AH activity in subjects with generalized aggressive periodontitis

Miguel L. Rufail*, Harvey A. Schenkein{dagger}, Suzanne E. Barbour*, John G. Tew§ and Rik van Antwerpen1,*

* Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Richmond, VA 23298
{dagger} Clinical Research Center for Periodontal Diseases, Virginia Commonwealth University, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Richmond, VA 23298
§ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Richmond, VA 23298

Published, JLR Papers in Press, September 22, 2005. DOI 10.1194/jlr.M500389-JLR200

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: hgvanant{at}hsc.vcu.edu

In this study, we examined whether the documented increase of plasma triglycerides in patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) is associated with changes in lipoprotein subclass distribution and/or LDL-associated platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) activity. Lipoprotein subclasses were analyzed in whole plasma samples using nuclear magnetic resonance methods. Compared with subjects without periodontitis (NP subjects; n = 12), GAgP subjects (n = 12) had higher plasma levels of large, medium, and small VLDL (35.0 ± 6.7 vs. 63.1 ± 9.6 nmol/l; P = 0.025), higher levels of intermediate density lipoprotein (24.8 ± 11.6 vs. 87.2 ± 16.6 nmol/l; P = 0.006), lower levels of large LDL (448.3 ± 48.5 vs. 315.8 ± 59.4 nmol/l; P = 0.098), and higher levels of small LDL (488.2 ± 104.2 vs. 946.7 ± 151.6 nmol/l; P = 0.021). The average size of LDL from NP and GAgP subjects was 21.4 ± 0.2 and 20.6 ± 0.3 nm, respectively (P = 0.031). Compared with NP subjects, GAgP subjects had a greater number of circulating LDL particles (961.3 ± 105.3 vs. 1,349.0 ± 133.2 nmol/l; P = 0.032). Differences in the plasma levels of large, medium, and small HDL were not statistically significant. NP and GAgP subjects had similar plasma levels of total LDL-associated PAF-AH activity; however, LDL of GAgP subjects contained less PAF-AH activity per microgram of LDL protein (1,458.0 ± 171.0 and 865.2 ± 134 pmol/min/µg; P = 0.014).

These results indicate that, in general, GAgP subjects have a more atherogenic lipoprotein profile and lower LDL-associated PAF-AH activity than NP subjects. These differences may help explain the increased risk of GAgP subjects for cardiovascular disease.

Abbreviations: GAgP, generalized aggressive periodontitis; IDL, intermediate density lipoprotein; LAgP, localized aggressive periodontitis; NP subjects, subjects without periodontitis; PAF-AH, platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase; small LDL, small, dense low density lipoprotein

Supplementary key words low density lipoprotein • pattern-B lipoprotein profile • lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 • nuclear magnetic resonance • platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase


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