HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: M400225-JLR200v1 46/2/269    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Hussein, N. Articles by Millward, D. J. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Hussein, N. Articles by Millward, D. J. Social Bookmarking                      What's this?

Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 46, 269-280, February 2005
Copyright © 2005 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Long-chain conversion of [¹³C]linoleic acid and -linolenic acid in response to marked changes in their dietary intake in men

Nahed Hussein, Eric Ah-Sing, Paul Wilkinson, Clare Leach, Bruce A. Griffin and D. Joe Millward¹

Centre for Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, United Kingdom

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: d.millward{at}surrey.ac.uk

We studied the long-chain conversion of [U-¹³C]-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA) and responses of erythrocyte phospholipid composition to variation in the dietary ratios of 18:3n-3 (ALA) and 18:2n-6 (LA) for 12 weeks in 38 moderately hyperlipidemic men. Diets were enriched with either flaxseed oil (FXO; 17 g/day ALA, n = 21) or sunflower oil (SO; 17 g/day LA, n = 17). The FXO diet induced increases in phospholipid ALA (>3-fold), 20:5n-3 [eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), >2-fold], and 22:5n-3 [docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), 50%] but no change in 22:6n-3 [docosahexanoic acid (DHA)], LA, or 20:4n-6 [arachidonic acid (AA)]. The increases in EPA and DPA but not DHA were similar to those in subjects given the SO diet enriched with 3 g of EPA plus DHA from fish oil (n = 19). The SO diet induced a small increase in LA but no change in AA. Long-chain conversion of [U-¹³C]ALA and [U-¹³C]LA, calculated from peak plasma ¹³C concentrations after simple modeling for tracer dilution in subsets from the FXO (n = 6) and SO (n = 5) diets, was similar but low for the two tracers (i.e., AA, 0.2%; EPA, 0.3%; and DPA, 0.02%) and varied directly with precursor concentrations and inversely with concentrations of fatty acids of the alternative series.

[¹³C]DHA formation was very low (<0.01%) with no dietary influences.

Abbreviations: AA, arachidonic acid; ALA, -linolenic acid; APE, atom percent excess; AUC, area under the curve; BMI, body mass index; DGLA, dihomo--linolenate; DHA, docosahexanoic acid; DPA, docosapentaenoic acid; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; FAME, fatty acid methyl ester; FXO, flaxseed oil; LA, linoleic acid; LCP, very long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid; SO, sunflower oil; SOF, fish oil supplementation

Supplementary key words long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid • stable isotopes • flaxseed oil

CiteULike    Complore    Connotea    Del.icio.us    Digg    Reddit    Technorati    What's this?

This article has been cited by other articles:

				K. R Motoyama, J D. Curb, T. Kadowaki, A. El-Saed, R. D Abbott, T. Okamura, R. W Evans, Y. Nakamura, K. Sutton-Tyrrell, B. L Rodriquez, et al. Association of serum n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with lipids in 3 populations of middle-aged men Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2009; 90(1): 49 - 55. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Egert, F. Kannenberg, V. Somoza, H. F. Erbersdobler, and U. Wahrburg Dietary {alpha}-Linolenic Acid, EPA, and DHA Have Differential Effects on LDL Fatty Acid Composition but Similar Effects on Serum Lipid Profiles in Normolipidemic Humans J. Nutr., May 1, 2009; 139(5): 861 - 868. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. S. Harris, D. Mozaffarian, M. Lefevre, C. D. Toner, J. Colombo, S. C. Cunnane, J. M. Holden, D. M. Klurfeld, M. C. Morris, and J. Whelan Towards Establishing Dietary Reference Intakes for Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acids J. Nutr., April 1, 2009; 139(4): 804S - 819S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				W. S. Harris, D. Mozaffarian, E. Rimm, P. Kris-Etherton, L. L. Rudel, L. J. Appel, M. M. Engler, M. B. Engler, and F. Sacks Omega-6 Fatty Acids and Risk for Cardiovascular Disease: A Science Advisory From the American Heart Association Nutrition Subcommittee of the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism; Council on Cardiovascular Nursing; and Council on Epidemiology and Prevention Circulation, February 17, 2009; 119(6): 902 - 907. [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Whelan Dietary Stearidonic Acid Is a Long Chain (n-3) Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid with Potential Health Benefits J. Nutr., January 1, 2009; 139(1): 5 - 10. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. M Innis and R. W Friesen Essential n-3 fatty acids in pregnant women and early visual acuity maturation in term infants Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2008; 87(3): 548 - 557. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. L. Pongrac, P. J. Slack, and S. M. Innis Dietary Polyunsaturated Fat that Is Low in (n-3) and High in (n-6) Fatty Acids Alters the SNARE Protein Complex and Nitrosylation in Rat Hippocampus J. Nutr., August 1, 2007; 137(8): 1852 - 1856. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. E. Chavarro, M. J. Stampfer, H. Li, H. Campos, T. Kurth, and J. Ma A Prospective Study of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Levels in Blood and Prostate Cancer Risk Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., July 1, 2007; 16(7): 1364 - 1370. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J T. Brenna, B. Varamini, R. G Jensen, D. A Diersen-Schade, J. A Boettcher, and L. M Arterburn Docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acid concentrations in human breast milk worldwide Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2007; 85(6): 1457 - 1464. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				Y. A. Liou, D. J. King, D. Zibrik, and S. M. Innis Decreasing Linoleic Acid with Constant {alpha}-Linolenic Acid in Dietary Fats Increases (n-3) Eicosapentaenoic Acid in Plasma Phospholipids in Healthy Men J. Nutr., April 1, 2007; 137(4): 945 - 952. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. L. Goyens, M. E Spilker, P. L Zock, M. B Katan, and R. P Mensink Conversion of {alpha}-linolenic acid in humans is influenced by the absolute amounts of {alpha}-linolenic acid and linoleic acid in the diet and not by their ratio Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2006; 84(1): 44 - 53. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. M Arterburn, E. B. Hall, and H. Oken Distribution, interconversion, and dose response of n-3 fatty acids in humans Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, June 1, 2006; 83(6): S1467 - 1476S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. Friedman and S. Moe Review of the Effects of Omega-3 Supplementation in Dialysis Patients Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., March 1, 2006; 1(2): 182 - 192. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. R. Harper, M. J. Edwards, A. P. DeFilipis, and T. A. Jacobson Flaxseed Oil Increases the Plasma Concentrations of Cardioprotective (n-3) Fatty Acids in Humans J. Nutr., January 1, 2006; 136(1): 83 - 87. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]