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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1194/jlr.R500003-JLR200 on March 16, 2005

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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 46, 829-838, May 2005
Copyright © 2005 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology


Thematic Review

Thematic review series: The Immune System and Atherogenesis. The unusual suspects:an overview of the minor leukocyte populations in atherosclerosis

Paul A. VanderLaan and Catherine A. Reardon1

Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: reardon{at}uchicago.edu

Atherosclerosis is a complex inflammatory disease process involving an array of cell types and interactions. Although macrophage foam cells and vascular smooth muscle cells constitute the bulk of the atherosclerotic lesion, other cell types have been implicated in this disease process as well. These cellular components of both innate and adaptive immunity are involved in modulating the response of macrophage foam cells and vascular smooth muscle cells to the retained and modified lipids in the vessel wall as well as in driving the chronic vascular inflammation that characterizes this disease.

In this review, the involvement of a number of less prominent leukocyte populations in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is discussed. More specifically, the roles of natural killer cells, mast cells, neutrophils, dendritic cells, {gamma}{delta} T-cells, natural killer T-cells, regulatory T-cells, and B-cells are addressed.

Abbreviations: apo, apolipoprotein; {alpha}-GalCer, {alpha}-galactosylceramide; IL, interleukin; LDLR–/–, low density lipoprotein receptor-deficient; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; MHC, major histocompatibility complex; NK cell, natural killer cell; NKT cell, natural killer T-cell; OxLDL, oxidized low density lipoprotein; PAF, platelet-activating factor; RAG, recombination-activating gene; TCR, T-cell receptor; Th, T-helper; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; Treg, regulatory T-cells

Supplementary key words innate and adaptive immunity • natural killer cells • mast cells • neutrophils • dendritic cells • {gamma}{delta} T-cells • natural killer T-cells • regulatory T-cells • B-cells


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