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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 47, 2647-2655, December 2006
Copyright © 2006 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Upregulation of liver VLDL receptor and FAT/CD36 expression in LDLR^–/– apoB^100/100 mice fed trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid¹

Pascal Degrace^2,*, Bastien Moindrot^*, Ismaël Mohamed^*, Joseph Gresti^*, Zhen-Yu Du^*, Jean-Michel Chardigny, Jean-Louis Sébédio and Pierre Clouet^*

^* Unité Propre de Recherche de l'Enseignement Supérieur, Lipides et Nutrition EA2422, Faculté des Sciences Gabriel, Université de Bourgogne, 21000 Dijon, France
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique-Université d'Auvergne, Unité du Métabolisme Protéino-Energétique, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France

¹ The paper is dedicated to the memory of Ismaël Mohamed, PhD student, who died on March 5, 2005 before the end of this work.

Published, JLR Papers in Press, September 6, 2006.

² To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: pascal.degrace{at}u-bourgogne.fr

This study explores the mechanisms responsible for the fatty liver setup in mice fed trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12 CLA), hypothesizing that an induction of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) expression is associated with lipid accumulation. To this end, the effects of t10c12 CLA treatment on lipid parameters, serum lipoproteins, and expression of liver lipid receptors were measured in LDLR^–/– apoB^100/100 mice as a model of human familial hypercholesterolemia itself depleted of LDLR. Mice were fed t10c12 CLA over 2 or 4 weeks. We first observed that the treatment induced liver steatosis, even in the absence of LDLR. Mice treated for 2 weeks exhibited hypertriglyceridemia with high levels of VLDL and HDL, whereas a 4 week treatment inversely induced a reduction of serum triglycerides (TGs), essentially through a decrease in VLDL levels. In the absence of LDLR, the mRNA levels of other proteins, such as VLDL receptor, lipoprotein lipase, and fatty acid translocase, usually not expressed in the liver, were upregulated, suggesting their involvement in the steatosis setup and lipoprotein clearance. The data also suggest that the TG-lowering effect induced by t10c12 CLA treatment was attributable to both the reduction of circulating free fatty acids in response to the severe lipoatrophy and the high capacity of liver to clear off plasma lipids.

Supplementary key words liver steatosis • low density lipoprotein receptor • triglyceride • lipoatrophy • lipoprotein • fatty acid translocase • very low density lipoprotein receptor • hepatic lipase • lipoprotein lipase • low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein • scavenger receptor class B type I

Abbreviations: apoB-100, apolipoprotein B-100; CPT I, carnitine palmitoyltransferase I; FAT/CD36, fatty acid translocase; LDLR, low density lipoprotein receptor; LRP, low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein; SR-BI, scavenger receptor class B type I; t10c12 CLA, trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid; TG, triglyceride; VLDLR, very low density lipoprotein receptor

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