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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 48, 2325-2333, November 2007
Copyright © 2007 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Review

HDL serves as a S1P signaling platform mediating a multitude of cardiovascular effects

Kelley M. Argraves¹ and W. Scott Argraves

Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425

Published, JLR Papers in Press, August 13, 2007.

¹ To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: argravek{at}musc.edu

The lysosphingolipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a component of HDL. Findings from a growing number of studies indicate that S1P is a mediator of many of the cardiovascular effects of HDL, including the ability to promote vasodilation, vasoconstriction, and angiogenesis, protect against ischemia/reperfusion injury, and inhibit/reverse atherosclerosis. These latter cardioprotective effects are being shown to involve the S1P-mediated suppression of inflammatory processes, including reduction of the endothelial expression of monocyte and lymphocyte adhesion molecules, decreased recruitment of polymorphonuclear cells to sites of infarction, and blocking of cardiomyocyte apoptosis after myocardial infarction. This review article summarizes the evidence that S1P as a component of HDL serves to regulate vascular cell and lymphocyte behaviors associated with cardiovascular (patho)physiology.

Supplementary key words sphingosine 1-phosphate • low density lipoprotein • high density lipoprotein • lysosphingolipid • atherosclerosis • endothelial

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