J. Lipid Res.
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Originally published In Press as doi:10.1194/jlr.M600304-JLR200 on November 8, 2006

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Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 48, 385-394, February 2007
Copyright © 2007 by American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Suppression of endothelial or lipoprotein lipase in THP-1 macrophages attenuates proinflammatory cytokine secretionboxs

Guosong Qiu, Alexander C. Ho, Willie Yu and John S. Hill1

Atherosclerosis Specialty Laboratory, Healthy Heart Program, St. Paul's Hospital, James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

boxs The online version of this article (available at http://www.jlr.org) contains additional four tables.

Published, JLR Papers in Press, November 8, 2006.

1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. e-mail: jshill{at}interchange.ubc.ca

LPL and endothelial lipase (EL) are associated with macrophages in human atherosclerotic lesions, and overexpression of LPL in mouse macrophages is associated with a greater extent of atherosclerosis. To investigate potential mechanisms by which macrophage-derived lipase expression may mediate proatherogenic effects, we used lentivirus-mediated RNA interference to suppress the expression of either LPL or EL within THP-1 macrophages. After suppression of either LPL or EL, significant decreases in the concentration of interleukin-1ß, interleukin-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} were observed. Incubation of THP-1 macrophages with either mildly or extensively oxidized LDL consistently decreased cytokine expression, which was additive to that contributed by lipase suppression. Decreased lipase expression was also associated with an altered lipid composition, with reduced percentages of cholesterol (unesterified and esterified), triglycerides, and lysophosphatidylcholine. Microarray data indicated a decreased expression of proinflammatory genes, growth factors, and antiapoptotic genes. By contrast, there was an increased expression of lipoprotein receptors (scavenger receptor 1, low density lipoprotein receptor, scavenger receptor class B type I, and CD36). Thus, we conclude that the suppression of either LPL or EL decreases proinflammatory cytokine expression and influences the lipid composition of THP-1 macrophages. These results provide further insight into the specific metabolic and potential pathological roles of LPL and EL in human macrophages.

Supplementary key words monocyte • inflammation • microarray • RNA interference • lentivirus

Abbreviations: EL, endothelial lipase; IL, interleukin; lyso-PC, lysophosphatidylcholine; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; MOI, multiplicity of infection; NF-{kappa}B, nuclear factor-{kappa}B; OxLDL, oxidized low density lipoprotein; PMA, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate; PPAR{gamma}, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor {gamma}; TBARS, thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances; TNF-{alpha}, tumor necrosis factor-{alpha}


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